Elimination Key Terms Flashcards
Passage of feces from the digestive tract through the rectum
Defecation
Inflammation of the peritoneum produced by bacteria or irritating substances introduced into the abdominal cavity by a penetrating wound or perforation of an organ in the gastrointestinal or reproductive tract.
peritonitis
Urination; act of passing or expelling urine voluntarily through the urethra.
micturition
waste products from the human body, including urine and fece
effluent
Process of urinating.
voiding
someone who has had an ostomy, a surgical procedure that creates an opening in the abdomen to divert urine or feces
ostomate
the purposeful control of urinary or fecal elimination.
continence
a temporary or permanent opening (stoma) is created surgically by bringing part of the small intestine out through the abdominal wall.
ileostomy
involuntary loss of urine or stool.
incontinence
A severe complication of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, where the colon becomes excessively dilated and fails to function properly. It is characterized by abdominal distension, pain, fever, and the risk of colon rupture. It requires urgent medical treatment and may lead to surgery in severe cases.
toxic megacolon
The inability to fully expel waste or fluids from the body. This can refer to urinary retention (inability to urinate) or fecal retention (difficulty passing stool), often due to obstruction, nerve issues, or underlying medical conditions.
retention
A chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that causes long-lasting inflammation and sores (ulcers) in the lining of the colon and rectum, leading to symptoms like diarrhea, abdominal pain, and rectal bleeding.
ulcerative colitis
Solid stones that form in the urinary tract, often in the kidneys or bladder, composed of minerals like calcium. Commonly referred to as kidney stones or bladder stones, they can cause pain, obstruction, and difficulty urinating.
calculi
A feeling of urgent, painful, and often ineffective need to pass stool or urinate, typically associated with inflammation of the rectum or bladder. It can be a symptom of conditions like ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, or infections.
tenesmus
Presence in the urine of abnormally large quantities of protein, usually albumin.
proteinuria
The presence of excessive fat in the stool, often making it appear oily, greasy, or pale. It is typically caused by malabsorption disorders, such as celiac disease, pancreatic insufficiency, or Crohn’s disease, where the body cannot properly absorb fat.
steatorrhea
Urination at night; can be a symptom of renal disease or may occur in persons who drink excessive amounts of fluids before bedtime.
nocturia
A condition where the body is unable to properly absorb nutrients, such as carbohydrates, proteins, or fats, from the digestive tract. It can result from disorders like celiac disease, Crohn’s disease, or pancreatic insufficiency, leading to symptoms like diarrhea, weight loss, and nutrient deficiencies.
malabsorption
Severe, sharp pain caused by the movement of kidney stones through the urinary tract. The pain typically starts in the lower back or flank and can radiate to the groin. It is often associated with nausea, vomiting, and difficulty urinating.
renal colic
fragmentation of the stones through sound wave technology.
lithotripsy
Abnormal passage from an internal organ to the surface of the body or between two internal organs.
fistula
the presence of stones called calculi within the urinary tract.
urolithiasis
A chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract, from the mouth to the anus. It causes symptoms like abdominal pain, diarrhea, fatigue, and weight loss, often with periods of flare-ups and remission. It may lead to complications like fistulas, strictures, and nutrient malabsorption.
Crohn’s Disease
Stones can form in the kidney.
nephrolithiasis
