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Therapeutic Exercise > Elements of the movement system & impaired mobility > Flashcards

Elements of the movement system & impaired mobility Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 4 goals of therapeutic exercise intervention ?

A
  • Remediate or prevent impairments
  • Improve, restore or enhance physical function
  • Prevent or reduce health-related risk factors
  • Optimize overall health status, fitness or sense of well-being
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2
Q

what is considered for dosage

A 
Intensity
Speed
Frequency 
Duration 
Environmental 
Sequences
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3
Q

What is considered for activity

A

Posture
Mode
Movement

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4
Q

What are the elements of the movement system?

A 
Support
Base 
Modulator 
Biomechanical
Cognitive/ Affective
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5
Q

What is under support

A

Cardio-vascualr, pulmonary, metabolic

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6
Q

What is under base

A

Integumentary
Musculoskeletal
Nervous system

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7
Q

What is under modular

A

Neuromuscular

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8
Q

What is under biomechanical

A

Kinetics

Kinematics

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9
Q

What is under cognitive or affective

A

Psychological

Emotional

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10
Q

considerations for dosage

A
  • Pt./client goals
  • Anatomical site involved
  • Physiological status of all the systems including the tissue(s) involved
  • Pt/client learning capability and affect
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11
Q

Parameters of dosage

A
  • type of contraction
  • Intensity
  • Speed
  • Duration
  • Frequency
  • Sequencing
  • Environment
  • Feedback
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12
Q

Causes of impaired Mobility

A
  • trauma
  • Surgery
  • Joint diseases
  • Neuromuscular disorders
  • Congenital abnormalities
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13
Q

Effects of impaired mobility

A
  • dysfunction
  • Contractures
  • Adhesions
  • Reflex muscle guarding
  • Intrinsic muscle spasm
  • Muscle weakness
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14
Q

Physiological effects of immobilization of muscle

A

loss of muscle mass/ atrophy or strength .

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15
Q

Muscle strength is lost more during immobilization due to?

A

neuro activity

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16
Q

Slow twitch fibers

A

More efficient at using oxygen that fast twitch,

allows for longer muscle contraction over a longer time

17
Q

What muscle group has a lot of slow twitch fibers?

A

spinal muscles

18
Q

Position of immobilization in shorten position

A

lost of sarcomere; muscle stiffness

19
Q

Position of immobilization in lengthened position

A

increase in sarcomere reorganization of connective tissue. adapt to new length

20
Q

physiological effect of immobilization of the tendon

A

collagen: disorganized
Fiber orientation
Decrease in size, # and strength

21
Q

Immobilization has a physiological effect on what?

A
  • muscle
  • tendon
  • ligament
  • Bone
  • Articular cartilage
22
Q

physiological effect of immobilization of the ligament causes what?

A

collagen degradation (lose strength)

23
Q

physiological effect of immobilization of the bone

A

mineral loss (non weight bearing)

24
Q

physiological effect of immobilization of the articular cartilage

A

Potential for irreversible joint damage

25
Q

Range of motion

A

the amount of angular motion allows at a joint between any two boney levers

26
Q

PROM

A

movement of a joint entirely by external fore, no voluntary actions

27
Q

what is the purpose of passive range of motion

A
  • assessment of joint and soft tissue
  • Patient instruction for a desire motion
  • Preparation for stretching
28
Q

What can PROM do when active movement is not possible

A
  • Prevent joint contractures
  • assist circulation
  • decrease or inhibit pain
29
Q

how can PROM prevent joint contractures?

A
  • Maintain soft tissue integrity

- Maintain joint integrity; enhance synovial movement & cartilage nutrition

30
Q

3 limitations of PROM

A

-will not prevent atrophy, will not increase strength, will not promote weight lost

31
Q

benefits of continuous passive motion

A
  • prevent adhesions, stiffness
  • increase synovial fluid lubricaiton
  • Quicker return of ROM
32
Q

AROM

A

produced by an active contraction of a muscle crossing the joint

33
Q

AAROM

A

assistance is provided by outside force

34
Q

AAROM assistance can be

A

mechanically or manually

35
Q

Benefits of AROM/AAROM

A
  • Increase strength & muscular endurance
  • Provide a stimulus for bone & joint tissue integrity
  • Assist with increasing cardiopulm endurance
  • Provide sensory feedback
  • Increase circulation & help prevent thrombus formation
36
Q

Limitations for AROM/AAROM

A
  • for strong muscles, will not maintain or increase strength
  • Will not develop skill or coordination except in movement pattern performed
37
Q

Precautions & contraindications

A
  • avoid disruption to the healing process (ROM at fx site)
  • Evidence to support early PROM within a pain-free range, but stay within the range, speed and tolerance of pt
  • Careful monitoring HR BP of patients after MI CABG or other cardiac conditions

Therapeutic Exercise (6 decks)

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