Elements of Music

Question 1

Rythm

Answer 1

the organization of musical elements in time

Question 2

Polyrythms

Answer 2

multiple rhythms performed simultaneously

Question 3

Beat

Answer 3

a regularly recurring pulse

Question 4

Meter

Answer 4

a repeated pattern of beats, usually characteristic of a specific style of music

Question 5

Duple Meter

Answer 5

march

Question 6

Triple Meter

Answer 6

waltz

Question 7

Quadruple Meter

Answer 7

traditionally emphasis is placed on beats 1 & 3
however, pop music often emphasizes the backbeat (beats 2 & 4)

Question 8

Melody

Answer 8

individual pitches performed in sequence
can be speech-like or song-like

Question 9

Expansive Melody

Answer 9

the process of making a melodic sequence longer than the audience anticipates

Question 10

Timbre

Answer 10

tone color; the specific mixture of harmonic tones on top of the sound of fundamental tone; the quality which gives a particular instrument or voice its individual character

Question 11

Texture

Answer 11

what each musical line is doing in relation to others

Question 12

Monophony

Answer 12

a kind of musical texture in which there is a single melodic line

Question 13

Heterophony

Answer 13

a kind of musical texture in which simultaneous versions of the same melody with slight embellishments

Question 14

Homophony

Answer 14

a kind of musical texture in which multiple music lines occur in the same rhythm to create chords

Question 15

Polyphony

Answer 15

a kind of musical texture in which multiple independent melodic and rhythmic lines are performed simultaneously, each of equal importance

Question 16

Mode

Answer 16

a collection of pitches used in a piece and how they relate to one another; can indicate a particular mood, time of day, etc.

Question 17

Scales

Answer 17

the arrangement of notes in a mode according to pitch order

Question 18

Tonality

Answer 18

the idea that one particular pitch (and the scale and chords associated with that pitch) is central in a piece

Question 19

Harmony

Answer 19

several pitches sounding at once to create a sound that is “pleasing” to the ear; not a universal quality in all music cultures

Question 20

Dissonance

Answer 20

unstable sound; discordant or lacking harmony

Question 21

Consonance

Answer 21

stable sound; pleasant harmonies without tension

Question 22

Musicology

Answer 22

the science of music

Question 23

Ethnomusicology

Answer 23

the interdisciplinary study of why and how human beings are musical

Question 24

Emic

Answer 24

the analysis of a culture from the perspective of an individual who participates in the culture being studied

Question 25

Etic

Answer 25

the analysis of a culture from the perspective of an individual who does not participate in the culture being studied

Question 26

Bimusicality

Answer 26

fluency in two or more distinct musical systems

Question 27

Instrument Organology

Answer 27

the classification of musical instruments

Question 28

Sachs-Hornbostel System of Instrument Classification

Answer 28

Idiophone - makes sound itself (e.g. maracas, triangle, bell)
Membranophone - has membrane stretched across a frame to make sound (e.g. snare drum, tympany)
Chordophone - has strings that make sound (e.g. violin, guitar, piano)
Aerophone - vibrating column of air generates sound (e.g. flute, euphonium, pipe organ)
Electrophone - sound is electronically generated (e.g. synthesizers, theremin)

Question 29

Ensemble

Answer 29

a group of musicians who perform together

Question 30

The 5 Principles of World Music Pedagogy

Answer 30

1. Attentive Listening
2. Engaged Listening
3. Enactive Listening
4. Creating World Music
5. Integrating World Music