ELEMENTS OF LANGUAGE (2) Flashcards
phoneme
the smallest linguistic unit of sound that can signal a difference in meaning
minimal pair
two words that differ only by one sound
place of articulation
where sound is formed in the mouth
manner of articulation
how a speech sound is produced
voiced
a sound that is produced with vibration of the vocal cords
unvoiced
a sound produced without vibration of the vocal cords
bilabial
consonants that are produced by a flow of air that is stopped or restricted by the two lips
stops
a consonant which is produced by blocking airflow by means of the lips, tongue, or glottis
voiceless
type of consonant produced by absence of vocal cord vibration
phonotactic contraints
limitations on sound combinations in a language
optimality theory
this model of linguistics emphasizes the role of higher-order cognitive (thinking) processes in governing speech production and recognizes the flexibility in language
phonology
the study of the sound system of language
morphology
the study of words and how they are formed
morpheme
the smallest unit of meaning in a language
allomorphs
morphemes that are pronounced differently in response to surrounding sounds and/or injury
