Elements, Compunds Mixtures Flashcards
Describe an element
An element is a substance at only contains one type of atom, and cannot be broke down into anything simpler by chemical means
Describe an atom
The smallest particle of a chemical element, the building blocks of all life
Describe a compound
A substance with two or more different elements chemically bonded together
Describe a mixture
A mixture consists of two or more substances that are usually easy to separate
Here is a list of substances: Aluminium Oxygen Rock salt Air Calcium carbonate
Sort them into elements, compounds and mixtures
Element Element Mixture Mixture Compound
Which separation technique would you use for sand and water?
Filtration
State the separation method for oil and water
Separation funnel
State the separation method for iron and sulfur
A magnet
Name two disadvantages to using HPLC
It is very expensive and difficult to clean
What is an advantage to mass spectrometry?
It’s fast
Define solute, solvent and solution
Solute: a solid that dissolves in a liquid
Solvent: a liquid that dissolved a solid
Solution: the liquid formed when a solvent dissolves a solute
Why is pencil used to draw in the lines on chromatograph paper?
Because the graphite in pencil is insoluble and won’t dissolve into the paper
What is the general name for the solid found in filtration paper?
Residue
What is the general name for the liquid found after using the filtration method?
Filtrate
State two physical properties of metal
Shiny and malleable
Which separation technique is used for ethanol and water?
Distillation
What is distillation?
Distillation is the process that can be used to separate a pure liquid from a mixture of liquids. It works when the liquids have different boiling points.
Name the sequence of events in distillation
Heating ~> evaporation ~> cooling ~> condensing
What does immiscible mean? Give an example
It means the liquids don’t dissolve in each other e.g oil and water
What are miscible liquids? How are they separated?
Liquids that are hard to separate as they have dissolved in on each other. They are separated by fractional distillation, as they have different boiling points
What is the equipment used in chemistry in which Bunsen burners are lit beneath and usually hold evaporating dishes?
Tripod and gauze
Predict the value you would expect for magnesium carbonate MgCO3
24 + 12 + (16 x 3)
36 + (16 x 3)
36 + 48
= 84
Name the diatomic molecules
H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2 and I2
