Elements, Compounds And Mixtures

Question 1

What is an element

Answer 1

A substance that is made of only one type of atom that cannot be broken down into something simpler by ordinary chemical means

Question 2

In the periodic table, what is the name for group 1

Answer 2

Alkali Metals

Question 3

In the periodic table, what is the name for group 2

Answer 3

Alkaline earth metals

Question 4

In the periodic table, what is the name for group 7

Answer 4

Halogens

Question 5

In the periodic table, what is the name for group 8

Answer 5

Noble gases

Question 6

In the periodic table, what is the name for group 8

Answer 6

Noble gases

Question 7

What does the group number show

Answer 7

Number of electrons in the outermost shells

Question 8

What does the period number show

Answer 8

number of shells that an atom uses to hold its electrons

Question 9

What are the characteristics of alkali metals (3)

Answer 9

reactive metals that do not occur freely in nature, but exists in combination with other elements

soft, malleable, ductile, and are good conductors of heat and electricity

react explosively with water, forming an alkali

Question 10

What are the characteristics of alkaline earth metals (4)

Answer 10

too reactive to be found in nature as an element

harder, less reactive than alkali metals

oxides of these metals form an alkali when dissolved in water

have higher melting points than alkali metals

Question 11

What are the characteristics for halogens (3)

Answer 11

“halogen” means “salt-former“

when a halogen is combined with a metallic element, it is called a “salt”

halogens can exist in any of the three states of matter at room temp (e.g. chlorine – gas, iodine – solid, bromine – liquid)

Question 12

What are the characteristics for noble gases (2)

Answer 12

do not combine with other elements readily (i.e. inert).

stable to exist as an element in nature

Question 13

What are the characteristics for non-metals

Answer 13

do not conduct electricity or heat very well

very brittle, not shiny, and cannot be rolled into wires or pounded into sheets

exist as a solid (e.g. carbon) or a gas (e.g. oxygen)

Question 14

What is a compound? (2)

Answer 14

A substance that is made of two or more elements (i.e. two or more types of atoms) that are held together by a chemical bond (attraction between atoms)

The chemical properties of a compound are different from those of the individual elements.
e.g. carbon dioxide (CO2) has different properties from carbon and oxygen

Question 15

What metals form ionic compounds

Answer 15

1 non-metal and 1/more non metal

Question 16

What metals form molecular compounds

Answer 16

Non metal and non metal

Question 17

How are ionic bonds held together

Answer 17

By ionic bonds

Question 18

How are moleculer compounds held together

Answer 18

By covalent bonds

Question 19

What are the two main methods to attain an octet structure

Answer 19

1.Donating and receiving electrons
2.Sharing electrons

Question 20

What is the point of an octet structure

Answer 20

To attain a full shell

Question 21

What happens when forming an ion

Answer 21

the atom loses or gains enough electrons so that its outermost electron shell is fully occupied (i.e. octet structure).

Question 22

What is a molecule

Answer 22

one particle of a substance made of two or more non-metallic atoms that are held together by a chemical bond

Question 23

What is a chemical reaction (3)

Answer 23

a process in which one or more substances, the reactants, are converted to one or more different substances, the products.
substances are either elements or compounds
The constituent atoms of the reactants are rearranged to create different substances as products