Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures Flashcards
What are elements?
Pure substances that cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical or physical means
What are compounds?
Made up of two or more different elements that are combined chemically into fixed ratios;
Can be broken down through external energy (heat or electricity)
What is the law of definite proportions?
The elements comprising compounds always combine in definite proportions by mass;
A compound is always composed of the same elements in the same proportion by mass, no matter how large or small the sample
What is the law of multiple proportions?
Different compounds can be composed of the same elements
What are mixtures?
Combination of two or more pure substances in which each pure substance retains its individual chemical properties
What is a heterogeneous mixture?
Can be seen in layers
What is a homogenous mixture?
Cannot be seen in layers
What is sieving?
Can separate large particles from small particles
What is filtration?
Can separate solids that are insoluble from a liquid
What is evaporation?
Can separate solids that are soluble from a liquid
What is condensation?
When water vapor changes into liquid water
What is chromatography?
Can separate different colour dyes
What is distillation?
Can separate a solvent from a solution
