Elements And Principles Of Design

Question 1

Line

Answer 1

Defines space
Shape
Direction
Value

Can be Geometric or Organic

Question 2

5 types of lines

Answer 2

1. Expressive lines
2. Outlines
3. Contour lines
4. Gesture lines
5. implied lines

Question 3

Expressive lines and example

Answer 3

Artist way of communicating idea, mood, theme.

Aesthetic

Ex: swirl of depression: starry night

Question 4

Outlines and example

Answer 4

Defined outer edge of shape (2d/cartoon)

Ex: Charlie Brown

Question 5

Contour lines and example

Answer 5

Edge of forms and shapes: warm ups

Ex: Escher “Hands”

Question 6

Gesture lines

Answer 6

Quick studies to practice proportion of human body

Question 7

Implied lines

Answer 7

Not actually drawn
Seen by minds eye

Realism

Question 8

Shape

Answer 8

2d, closed lines

Geometric and Organic

Question 9

Form

Example

Answer 9

Figure=positive 
Foreground informative (positive)

Used in printmaking : raised section (printed)

Ex: Face/vase:

Question 10

Ground

Example

Answer 10

Ground=negative

Background informative

Carved out section(not printed)

Ex:face/vase:
Looking at vase— face is negative

Looking at face— vase is negative

Question 11

Figure ground reverse

Answer 11

When Eye is able to reverse positive/negative shapes to see two different images

Question 12

Foreshortening

3 examples

Answer 12

Drawing objects to make them appear 3-D

Get smaller as it gets further from eyes

Circle= eclipses
Rectangle = trapizod
Linear perspective= converging lines meet at vanishing point on HL

Question 13

Value

2 types

Answer 13

Degree of light and dark

1. Tonal/Value scale (B&W)
2. Tint and Shade (Colour value)

Question 14

What media uses shading and what does it do

Answer 14

Graphite

Creates depth=3D

Question 15

What media uses blending and how

Answer 15

Colour

Adding white / black to hue

Question 16

What media uses crosshatching/hatching and what is it

Answer 16

Pen and ink

Technique using closely spaced parallel lines/crossed lines to create value

Question 17

Optical mixing

Answer 17

The eye blends White paper and black lines to make values of gray

also works with colour

Question 18

Texture

2 types

Answer 18

PAT

VIS

Question 19

PAT

Answer 19

physical, actual, tactile

(Sculpture, palette knife, mix media.)

Can feel and see different texture

Question 20

VIS

Answer 20

Visual, implied, stimulated

Use texture is an art that is 2D and cannot be felt

can see but not feel

Question 21

Space

7

Answer 21

Shading : 3D

foreshortening : smaller=further

figure/ground : front appear closer

size : big=close, small= far

placement: lower=close, Higher= far

overlapping : object overlapping others=closer

colour= warm=closer, cool=far

Question 22

Atmosphere (space)
Depth perception

Inspired by:

Answer 22

Fading/lessening of both color/picture detail in the background

Create depth perception/more realistic space in art work

Inspired by Divinci in Mona Lisa

Question 23

Linear perspective (space)

Answer 23

Converging lines me at VP on HL

Creates depth

Question 24

Colour

Who discovered it

Answer 24

Most powerful to express mood/emotion

Discovered by sir Isaac newton
No light=no colour, organized colour wheel

Question 25

Rainbow

Value of colour

Answer 25

Visual spectrum
ROYGBIV

White-baby blue- blue- dark blue- black

Question 26

Intensity of colour

Answer 26

Purity of colour- Bright Yellow- add complement colour – purple – to make yellow duller

Question 27

Primary colours

Answer 27

Red, yellow, blue

Question 28

Secondary colours

Answer 28

Orange, green, violet

Question 29

Intermediate colours

And other names for intermediate

Answer 29

(Tertiary) (Analogous)

Blue – green, red – orange, etc.

Question 30

Complimentary colours

Answer 30

Across from eachother on colour wheel

Red – green, purple – yellow, blue – orange

Question 31

Analogues colours

Answer 31

Found adjacent on colour wheel forming intermediate/tertiary colour

not including intermediate colours

Question 32

Monochromatic

Answer 32

Artwork using one colour in different shades

Question 33

Emphasis

Answer 33

Area of dominance/focal point

element that stands out the most

Question 34

Ways to attract viewers to artwork (emphasis)

3

Answer 34

1. Object in middle
2. Use warm colours to attract viewers attention
3. Contrast to make things stand out

Question 35

Movement

Answer 35

Shows action in art work

moves viewers eyes around canvas

guide viewers eyes with various shapes, angles ,lines ,colour etc.

Question 36

Rhythm/ pattern

Answer 36

Repetition of shapes and lines/repeating darks/lights

Question 37

Types of patterns (3)

Answer 37

Patterns can be regular [Same]/irregular [different but repeating]

1. Repeating shape but different colours
2. Repeating different shapes but same colours
3. Slowly changing from big to small/light to dark etc.

Question 38

Unity

Example

Answer 38

Elements used to tie the painting together [the things that are similar]

Too much unity is boring

Ex: if you separated two different puzzles you would be able to tell which pieces go with what puzzle

Question 39

Contrast (variety)

Answer 39

Elements in a piece of artwork that are different

Creates interest in art work

Too much variety/contrast equals headache

Unity and contrast need to be balance

Question 40

Balance

Answer 40

Objects are the same on both sides of the artwork

or they are different on both sides,

but appear to be visually balanced

Question 41

Artistically balanced & same balance

3 types

Answer 41

1. Asymmetrical balance [informal] : different on both sides of the artwork but appear visually balanced
2. Symmetrical balance [formal]: same on both sides i.e. human face
3. Radical balance: appears balanced because it radiates from the centre of the artwork

Question 42

Rule of thirds

Answer 42

Horizon line doesn’t sit in the middle

1/3 of ground with 2/3 above the horizon line

or 2/3 of ground with 1/3 above the horizon line