Elements and Principles of Art Flashcards
What are the physical parts of the artwork called?
Elements
What are the ways in which those parts are arranged?
Principles
What are the 8 elements of art?
Line, Shape, Form, Space, Texture, Value, Intensity, Color
____ is an infinite series of points that are arranged in a direction
Line
The direction of a line may be _____ (unchanging) or ____ (charging).
straight or curved
______ _____ is renowned for lyrical lines and expressive beauty.
Arabic calligraphy
What are the four types of lines?
Horizontal, Vertical, Diagonal, Curve
____ _____ is primarily the line of rest and quietness, relaxation, and contemplation.
Horizontal Line
____ _____ is pointed, balanced, forceful, and dynamic.
Vertical Line
____ ____ is the line of action, and the degree of action is shown in the angle of diagonal.
Diagonal Line
_____ ____ show action and life and energy; they have never been harsh and stern.
Curve Lines
What type of line define the edges of objects or where differing areas meet?
Contour Lines
___ ___ are a series of points that are connected by the viewer’s eye.
Implied Lines
What is an area of two dimensional space?
Shape
What are the two dimensions of shape?
length and width
__ __ are shapes with mathematically regular contours like circles, rectangles, and octagons.
Geometric Shapes
__ __ are irregular, asymmetrical, and often found in nature.
Organic Shapes
___, aka mass, is the three-dimensional element of art and has volume
Form
What are the three dimensions of form?
length, width, and height
___ ___ is the space occupied by a given volume.
Positive Space
__ __ is the empty space within that volume.
Negative Space
___ in art refers to the area around, between, and within shapes or forms.
Space
In 2D works of art, what is the other name for positive space?
figure
What is the other name of the negative space in 2D artworks?
ground
What are the four methods of space?
overlapping, size, placement, shading
____ is a method where the object that is closest will overlap and obscure objects that are further back in space.
Overlapping
____ is when larger objects appear to be closer while smaller objects appear to be in the distance.
Size
In this method, objects higher in the picture plane appear to be further away.
Placement
___ is when light and shadow create the illusion of form and three-dimensionality.
Shading
___ ___ is a geometrically constructed illusion of the recession of space.
Linear Perspective
__ ___ is the use of color to stimulate the illusion of space. It produces the illusion of space and distance using color and focus
Atmospheric Perspective
In linear perspective, the ____ ___ is the spot where all receding lines seem to converge on the horizon line.
vanishing point
__ ___ is when all parts reced toward a single vanishing point.
one-point perspective
___ is a method for rendering a figure or object in perspective.
Foreshortening
Under atmospheric perspective, what are the three parts?
foreground, middleground, background
___ is the tactile quality of a surface.
Texture
____ ___ is the condition in which texture is created, not represented.
Actual Texture
___ ___ is the visual representation, or illusion, of a tactile surface, and is common in 2- dimensional works of art.
Simulated Texture
___ refers to the lightness or darkness within a work of art.
Value
___ is the sensation caused by differing qualities of light.
Color
What are the three main properties of color?
hue, value, saturation
__ is the wavelength of the color, described by the color name.
Hue
___ is the purity of the
color, ranging from neutral gray to the pure color.
Saturation
the pigment wheel is a ____ ___ system.
subtractive color
____ ___ systems are used when colored light (as opposed to pigment) is mixed, such as on computer
monitors and television screens.
Additive Color
___ is the use of change as an element of art, important in performance art, kinetic art, and video.
Time
What are the eight principles of art?
Unity/Variety, Proportion, Balance, Contrast, Emphasis, Movement, Rhythm, Pattern
___ in works of art occur when design elements are similar or identical.
Unity
____ is achieved when design elements are varied in size, color, shape, texture, or other attribute.
Variety
___ as a design principle refers to both the scale of objects individually as well as in relation to other elements.
Proportion
____ refers to the distribution of visual weight of shapes and forms.
Balance
What are the two types of balance?
symmetrical and asymmetrical
___ ___ is achieved when objects are reflected or repeated on either side of an axis.
Symmetrical Balance
___ ___ is achieved when different shapes or forms in a work of art are arranged in such a way as to create a sense of balance.
Asymmetrical Balance
____ is achieved by pairing opposites, such as light and dark colors or smooth and rough textures, together in a single work of art.
Contrast
___ is a way of directing the viewer’s eye to the most important aspect of the work.
Emphasis
___ is the way in which the viewer’s eye is directed in a work. It can imply motion, hint at a narrative, or simply create a pleasing effect.
Movement
____ occurs when similar shapes or form are repeated within a work of art. This is the visual beat or tempo within a work of art.
Rhythm
___ is any design that is repeated: how the basic elements in the picture repeat or alternate.
Pattern
