elements

Question 1

what is an element?

Answer 1

It is a substance made up of only one kind of atom

Question 2

Explain the structure of an atom

Answer 2

Atomic structure - atom comprise of a nucleus (centre) in which the protons (positively charged) and neutrons (neutral) are present. The negatively charged particles called electrons revolve around the centre of the nucleus.

Question 3

what are the sub atomic particles?

Answer 3

Protons, neutrons and electrons

Question 4

Give the relative mass and relative charges of the subatomic particles

Answer 4

Proton charge is +1 and mass is 1

Electron charge is -1 and very small or negligible

Neutron charge is and mass is 0

Question 5

Calculating numbers of subatomic particles,

Symbol for sodium; a yellow square with Na written in the middle, 23 in the top left corner and 11 in the bottom left.
The symbol for an atom can be written to show its mass number at the top, and its atomic number at the bottom.

To calculate the numbers of subatomic particles in an atom, use its atomic number and mass number:

number of protons = atomic number
number of electrons = atomic number
number of neutrons = mass number - atomic number

Find the number of protons (atomic number) for sodium (Na)

Answer 5

11

Question 6

Find the number of electron for sodium (Na)

Answer 6

11

Question 7

Find the number of neutron for sodium (Na)

Answer 7

12

Question 8

Find the mass number for sodium

Answer 8

23

Question 9

what is an isotope?

Answer 9

Atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons, but have different numbers of neutrons due to the differences in mass numbers

Question 10

Give 3 examples of an isotopic elements

Answer 10

carbon 12 and carbon 14

Hydrogen (H1) and Hydrogen (2)

Helium(3) and Helium (4)

Lith