Elements Flashcards
What is an element?
Atom in pure form, single unit
Can elements bond?
yes, into a compound (H2O), (O2)
Name the 3 chemical models
Bohr-Rutherford
Lewis Structure
Simplified Atomic Model (SAM)
What is the Bohr Rutherford?
- shows protons in nucleus
- shows electrons in orbital shells
What is the Lewis Structure?
- shows Outer-Most shell
- Valence electrons
What is the SAM?
- shows protons and neutrons in nucleus
- shows orbital shells
How do you find the Atomic mass?
Protons + Neutrons
What is the Atomic number?
The number of protons
What is the Element symbol?
The Letter(s) that represent the element on the periodic table
How are SubAtomic Particles arranged?
Horizontally (left to right)
What is the charge of the ion if there are more protons than electrons?
positive charge ion
What is an isotope?
When there is a different number of neutrons that can make it unstable. (C14)
What is the charge of the ion if there are more electrons than protons?
negative charge ion
What is it called when there are more neutrons in the ion?
An isotope
What does each period on the periodic table share?
The same number of orbital shells
How are periods arranged on the periodic table?
left to right
horizontally
What does each group on the periodic table share?
The same number of valence electrons
How are groups arranged on the periodic table?
top to bottom
vertically
What are valence electrons?
the electrons on the outermost shell
Where are metals located on the periodic table?
To the left of the staircase
EXCEPT HYDROGEN
What properties do metals have?
Shiny Malleable Ductile Electrically conductive Reactive with acids
Where are nonmetals located on the periodic table?
To the right of the staircase
EXCEPT FOR HYDROGEN
What properties do nonmetals have?
Brittle
No metallic Luster
Non-Malleable
Non-Ductile
Where are Alkali Earth Metals located on the periodic table?
Second to left
Second period
Where are metalloids located on the periodic table?
On the staircase
Where are Alkali Metals located on the periodic table?
Complete left
First period
What properties do metalloids have?
At least one of metals and on of nonmetals
Where are Halogens located on the Periodic table?
Second to right
Seventh Period
Metals are always positive or negative?
positive, they always want to lose electrons
Which period is the most reactive?
Alkali metals
Which period is perfect?
Noble Gas
Why do we say that Noble Gas is perfect?
their outermost orbital shell is full
Where are Noble Gas located on the periodic table?
Complete right
Eighth period
Nonmetals are always positive or negative?
negative, they always want to gain electrons
What is electronegativity?
The element’s attractiveness to electrons
Does electronegativity increase or decrease on the periodic table?
It increases from left to right
What is chemical reactivity?
How much the element reacts
What is atomic radius?
The size of the atom
How does atomic radius decrease on the periodic table?
Decreases from left to right
How does electrostatic charge affect atomic radius?
The bigger the atomic number, the smaller the atomic radius because the electrostatic charge. It makes the electrons and protons more attracted thus pulled together.
How do you find the identity of an element?
The number of protons
What determines reactivity?
The number of valence electrons
What is the order for valence electrons?
2,8,8,2
