Elemente organogene Flashcards

1
Q

Def ch organica

A

este chimia hidrocarburilor (C, H) si a subst. derivate din acestea

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2
Q

Def elem. organogene

A

elem care stau la baza formarii subst ch organice

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3
Q

elementele organogene, in ordine

A

C, H, O, X (F, Cl, Br, I) si P, S, metale

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4
Q

valenta C

A

IV

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5
Q

valenta H

A

I

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6
Q

valenta O

A

II

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7
Q

valenta N

A

III

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8
Q

valenta X

A

I

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9
Q

ce se realizeaza intre elem, organ. ?

A

numai leg covalente

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10
Q

leg cov =

A

este orientata in spatiu si intre leg apar unghiuri

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11
Q

def catene =

A

lanturi de at de C intre care apar numai leg cov

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12
Q

clasificare catene

dupa tip de leg

A
  • saturate (leg sigma intre at de C-C)
  • nesaturate (leg pi)
  • aromatice
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13
Q

clas catene

dupa structura cat

A
  • liniara
  • ramificata
  • ciclica = inchisa
  • mixta
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14
Q

tipuri de at de C in cat

nular

A

cei 4 at de C sut pusi in comun cu alti at organogeni fara at C
. n
C

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15
Q

tipuri de at de C in cat

primar

A

. p
C

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16
Q

tipuri de at de C in cat

secundar

A

. s
C

17
Q

tipuri de at de C in cat

tertiar

A

. T
C

18
Q

tipuri de at de C in cat

cuarternar

A

. c
C

19
Q

Fs=

A

formula structura
- schematica
- restransa
- desfacuta

nr si tipul at. organo precum si natura leg ch dintre acestia

20
Q

Fm=

A

formula molec=nr si tipul at. organo a unei subst

21
Q

Fp=

A

formula procentuala= compozitia procentuala elementala a elem dintr o subst organica care se gasesc in 100g subst

22
Q

Fb=

A

formulabruta = raportul de combinare dintre atomii organo a unei subst organice

23
Q

Def izomer

A

subst ch care au aceeasi formula moleculara, dar formula de structura diferita

24
Q

Nesaturarea echivalenta

A

NE = nr leg pi si nr ciclurilor existente intr o subst ch organo.

25
Q

Cazur nesaturare echiv

A

NE = 0 => numai leg sigma, simple
NE = 1, 2, 3 => apar leg pi, cicluri
NE >= 4 => arene