element builder vocab

Question 1

atom

Answer 1

the basic unit of matter
-smallest particle of an element that still has all the properties of the element
-made of protons, neutrons, electrons

Question 2

atomic number

Answer 2

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
-can tell elements apart by atomic numbers
-symbol is z
-shown on the lower left

Question 3

electron

Answer 3

negatively charged particle that moves around the nucleus
-mass of an electron is less than one thousandth of the mass of a proton

Question 4

electron dot diagram

Answer 4

diagram that shows the element symbol surrounded by dots representing valence electrons

Question 5

element

Answer 5

pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means
-made of on type of atom
-different elements are distinguished by the number of protons in the nucleus.

Question 6

energy level

Answer 6

a particular region where electrons can orbit a nucleus

Question 7

ion

Answer 7

an atom or molecule that has an electrical charge because it has gained or lost electrons
-an atom with more protons than electrons is positively charged ion
-an atom with more electrons than protons is a negatively charged ion
-upper right

Question 8

positively charged ion

Answer 8

cation

Question 9

negatively charged ion

Answer 9

anion

Question 10

isotope

Answer 10

one of several forms of the same element
-most are radioactive, only one or two stable isotopes exist for an element

Question 11

mass number

Answer 11

the number of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
-(example) mass number in helium is 4(2 protons and 2. neutrons))
-symbol is A
-upper left

Question 12

nuetron

Answer 12

a particle with no charge located in the nucleus of an atom
-slightly more mass than protons
-neutron number, N
-subtract the atomic number form the mass number

Question 13

nucleus

Answer 13

positively charged, dense center of an atom
-contains both protons and neutrons

Question 14

periodic table

Answer 14

chart that organizes the chemical elements based on their properties

Question 15

proton

Answer 15

positively charged particle located in the nucleus of an atom
-slightly less mass than neutrons
-number of protons determines the element

Question 16

radioactive

Answer 16

capable of releasing radiation

Question 17

radioactive atom

Answer 17

nucleus can spontaneously decay and emit particles and/or light

Question 18

valence electrons

Answer 18

electrons found in the outermost energy level of an atom