Element 2 Construction site Risks And Hazards

Question 1

A construction project is going to involve shallow excavations in land previously used as a landfill site

Outline the welfare facilities that should be provided for the workers engaged in the project

Answer 1

• supply of drinking water
• hot and cold running water with soap and towels available
• showers
• a sufficient number of toilets and provisions of changing rooms with separate storage for contaminated and clean clothes
• Facilities for drying clothes
• a separate room for eating meals and refreshments with means to boil water and heat food
• adequate first aid facilities and trained first aider

Question 2

A construction project is going to involve shallow excavations in land previously used as a landfill site

Identify the range of control measures that might be used to minimise the risk of accidents to children who might gain access to a construction site

Answer 2

Preventative measures
-provisions of secure hoardings and fences to prevent

-warning signs of danger

Should access be gained
-removal of
Access ladders
Provide trench support
Cover holes
Immobilise plant
Isolate electrical supplies
Reduce height of stacked material
Lock equipment and chemicals away
Secure storage tanks

-local publicity campaign and educational visits to schools to warn of dangers

Question 3

Extensive scheduled maintenence work is to be carried out by a maintenance contract company, on a piecemeal basis, in a large work warehouse

Identify 8 topic items that should be included in a induction briefing for the maintenence contractors employees

Answer 3

• senior management commitment to health and safety
• outline of project
• management of project
• methods and sequence of work
• particular risks on site (eg movement of vehicles)
• access and egress to the site and traffic routes
• prohibited activities
• site rules
• procedures for reporting accidents, incidents and unsafe conditions
• first aid and welfare arrangements
• procedures to be followed in the event of an emergency
• arrangements for briefing workers on an on going basis eg toolbox talks
• individual workers responsibility for health and safety

**plus any other of the particular risks listed in schedule 3 of CDM **

Question 4

What are some risks listed in schedule 3 of CDM

Answer 4

• work which puts workers at risk from chemical or biological substances constituting a particular danger to the safety of health of workers or involving a legal requirement for health monitoring
• work with ionising radiation requiring the designation of controlled or supervised areas under regulation 16 of the ionising radiation regulations 1999
• work near high voltage power lines
• work exposing workers to the risk of drowning
• work on wells, underground earth works and tunnels
• work carried out by drivers having a system of air supply
• work carried out by workers in caissons with compressed air atmosphere
• work involving the use of explosives
• work involving assembly or dismantle of heavy prefabricated products

Question 5

Outline the requirements relating to sanitary and washing facilities on construction sites as set out in the construction design management regulations of 2015

Answer 5

• where practicable flushing toilets should be provided with separate facilities for men and women unless they’re in a room in technical one person and or maybe
• washing facilities should be included a supply of hot and cold running water soap or other cleaning agents
• means if drying clothes
• if the nature of the work demands showers should be provided
• sanitary and washing facilities should be adequately Layton ventilated getting a clean condition and sufficient in number for the employees on site

Question 6

Outline four factors that may increase the risk of violence in the workplace

Answer 6

• handling high value goods
• refusing service to a customer
• censuring clients or customers
• contact with customers under stress
• dealing with employees who may be subject to disciplinary measures what under the influence of alcohol and drugs
• working alone or at night
• working in urban areas

Question 7

Outline the primary hazards associated with the movement of people and vehicles

Answer 7

• slips trips and falls on the same level and from height
• collision with moving vehicle
• collision with being struck by a falling object eg part of a load
• striking against fixed or stationery objects
• environmental conditions

Question 8

A large water storage tank 4 m long 3 m wide and 2 metres deep this be buried in a Greenfield site as part of a drainage system

outline the main foreseeable hazards that should be taken into account when risk assessing and planning the work

Answer 8

Asking for an outline the examiners will expect hazards to be identified as well as the associated risks being further detailed

• Ground conditions the type of ground and possibly the contaminants
• excavation work with the risk of collapse of the size and possibly of people and vehicles falling into the excavation
• ground water and the risk of flooding with leptospirosis from rats
• lowering of the tank into the excavation with the risk of crane overturning if not properly rated for the job
• the presence of services underground or overhead services with associated risk of electrocution

Question 9

A large water storage tank 4 m long 3 m wide and 2 metres deep this be buried in a Greenfield site as part of a drainage system

Outline the key components of a method statement to ensure safety during the excavation and installation work

Answer 9

• duration of work
• the number of personnel involved
• competency of personnel
• means if site access and egress
• identification of machinery and plant involved
• arrangements for inspection and maintenance of machinery
• means of support and edge protection for excavation
• Positioning of spoil
• Arrangements for dealing with overhead and underground services
• PPE
• welfare arrangements
• procedures in the event of a fire