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Physics EOYE revision > Electrostatics > Flashcards

Electrostatics Flashcards

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1
Q

Where are the electrons found in an atom?

A

Energy levels

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2
Q

Where are the protons and neutrons found in the atom?

A

Nucleus

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3
Q

What is the charge and relative mass of a proton?

A

Charge = +1
Mass = 1

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4
Q

What is the charge and relative mass of a neutron?

A

Charge = 0
Mass = 1

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5
Q

What is the charge and relative mass of a electron?

A

Charge = -1
Mass = 1/1840

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6
Q

2 like charges…

A

Repel

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7
Q

2 unlike charges…

A

Attract

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8
Q

A charged object and an uncharged object…

A

Attract

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9
Q

Explain what happens electrostatically when you rub a balloon on your hair.

A
  • Electrons will move from one to the other
  • One will have a positive charge and the other a negative charge
  • They have opposite charges so attract each other
  • The hair have the same charge so repel each other
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10
Q

Describe what happens when you rub a rod with a duster.

A
  • Electrons are transferred
  • One has a positive charge and one has a negative charge
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11
Q

What is charging by friction?

A
  • Friction causes electrons to be transferred
  • One material gains electrons and becomes negatively charged
  • One material loses electrons and becomes positively charged
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12
Q

Explain why a persons hair ‘stands on end’ when touching the Van de Graaff generator?

A
  • The Van de Graaff generator removes electrons and they travel out of the dome by friction
  • This means the dome is positively charged
  • If you touch the dome you will also loose electrons and become positively charged
  • Your hairs carry the same charge and repel each other
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13
Q

Why may a spark be seen when a conducting sphere is placed near the Van de Graaff generator?

A
  • Electrons jump from the sphere as they are attracted to the Van de Graaff generator
  • This will cause a spark
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14
Q

Describe situations where electrostatics are useful.

A
  • Painting a car with spray paint
  • Smoke precipitator in a chimney
  • Photocopiers
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15
Q

Explain how spray paint can be electrostatically charged to effectively paint a car.

A
  • car/bike is negatively charged
  • paint is positively charges
  • attract
  • paint spreads out as it has the same charge (even coat)
  • paint will reach difficult areas
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16
Q

Explain how a smoke precipitator works.

A
  • smoke particles pass near a positive grid of wires and lose electrons
  • they become positive
  • attract to negative metal plates (precipitated)
  • plates are knocked and the particles collected
  • less smoke is released so less pollution
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17
Q

Describe a danger of electrostatics and what can be done to prevent it.

A
  • when filling an airplane with fuel, there may be friction
  • this could cause a spark and the fuel may ignite causing an explosion
  • you must earth the aircraft first to prevent this happening
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18
Q

Do field lines around a positive sphere point in or out?

A

Out

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19
Q

If you have two bulbs in a circuit and one breaks and the other still lights up, what kind of circuit is it?

A

Parallel

20
Q

If you have two bulbs in a circuit and one breaks and the other also breaks, what kind of circuit is it?

A

Series

21
Q

What does an ammeter measure in what unit?

A

Measure current.

22
Q

How are ammeters connected in a circuit?

A

They are connected in series.

23
Q

What is the unit of current?

A

Amps (I)

24
Q

What happens to current in a series circuit?

A

It stays the same.

25
Q

What happens to current in a parallel circuit?

A

It splits.

26
Q

What does an voltmeter measure in what unit?

A

Voltage/potential difference in volts.

27
Q

How are voltmeters connected in circuits?

A

They are connected in parallel.

28
Q

What is the unit of voltage?

A

Volts (V)

29
Q

What happens to voltage in a series circuit?

A

It splits

30
Q

What happens to voltage in a parallel circuit?

A

It stays the same

31
Q

Complete the formula:
Q = I?

A

? = t

32
Q

Complete the formula:
?=IR

A

? = V

33
Q

Complete the formula:
E = ?V

A

? = Q

34
Q

What is the relationship of an I-V fixed resistor graph?

A

Directly proportional - straight line through the origin.

35
Q

Describe how you could use the I-V fixed resistor graph to find the resistance?

A

Calculate the gradient of the line.

36
Q

What would the resistance be if the highest voltmeter reading was 250 and the highest ammeter reading was 150?

A

250/150 = 1.67 (3sf)

37
Q

Describe the shape of the filament lamp I-V graph.

A

‘S’ shape

38
Q

Describe the relationship of the filament lamp I-V graph.

A

Not directly proportional.

38
Q

Describe the shape of the thermistor graph.

A

Curved ‘L’ shape

39
Q

Describe the relationship of thermistor graph.

A

Inverse - one goes up, the other goes down.

40
Q

Describe the shape of the LDR graph.

A

Backwards ‘L’ shape.

41
Q

Describe the relationship of the LDR graph.

A

Threshold relationship.

42
Q

Do like charges attract or repel?

A

Repel

43
Q

Do unlike repel attract or repel?

A

Attract

44
Q

What would happen if you put a magnetic material near either end of a magnet?

A

Attract

45
Q

What is the definition of magnetic field?

A

The area surrounding a magnet that can exert a force on a magnetic material.

46
Q

Explain how a relay circuit works in a car.

A
  • the switch is close in the low current circuit
  • this means current can flow and then magnetises the solenoid and the iron core
  • the iron switch in the high current circuit is ten attracted
  • the switch closes and the circuit is complete
  • the low current circuit relayed current to the high current circuit

Physics EOYE revision (1 decks)

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