Electrostatics

Question 1

Name the particles in the atom

Answer 1

Neutron - neutral
Proton - positive
Electron - negative

Question 2

Describe the location of each particle in the atom

Answer 2

Neutron - nucleus
Proton - nucleus
Electron - orbiting

Question 3

Describe the charge of the particles in the atom

Answer 3

Neutron - 0
Proton - +1
Electron - -1

Question 4

Describe the mass of the particles in the atom

Answer 4

Neutron - 1
Proton - 1
Electron - 1/2000

Question 5

What is the atom mostly?

Answer 5

Empty space

Question 6

How does Rutherford’s experiment show us the atom is mostly empty space?

Answer 6

Most of the alpha particles (positive charge) were fired at gold foil - they passed through - this showed that most of the atom is empty space.

Question 7

Explain how Rutherford’s experiment shows us that the centre of the atom is positively charged

Answer 7

The positively charged alpha particle bounces back 1 in 10000 times which shows us most of the mass of the atom is at the centre and it has a positive charge

Question 8

Describe how objects become charged

Answer 8

When insulators are rubbed together then the electrons transfer from one to the other object.

Question 9

why do objects become positively charged?

Answer 9

Because it has less electrons

Question 10

why do objects become negatively charged?

Answer 10

They have more electrons

Question 11

What are the dangers of electrostatics?

Answer 11

Charge could build up on aircrafts or oil tankers and create a spark which could cause an explosion. They can also give someone an electric shock when charge is released through them into the ground.

Question 12

what are 3 uses for electrostatics and how do they work?

Answer 12

paint sprayers - bike is negatively charged, paint positive, it is attracted to bike but does not overlap because paint repels other paint.
smoke precipitators - smoke coming up chimney positively charged with a grate, then attracted to negatively charged plates and it sticks, then electricity is turned off and plates are no longer charged, so the plates are banged together and the smoke falls as soot.
lightning rods - lightning rod down the side of a building giving electrons a safe passage to ground without harming anyone or anything.

Question 13

12 C
6
(Carbon atom symbol)

Answer 13

The 6 is the amount of protons so it shows there is 6 protons

The 12 is the amount of protons and neutrons together so there is 6 neutrons (12 - 6)

Question 14

127 i

53

Answer 14

The 53 is the amount of protons so it shows there is 53 protons

The 127 is the amount of protons and neutrons together so there is 74 neutrons (127 - 53)

Question 15

Mass number - top number

Atomic number - bottom number

Answer 15

Mass number - number or protons and neutrons
Atomic number - number of protons

You can work out the number of each particle from these numbers