Electrostatics Flashcards
name the particles in an atom
proton- positive, neutrons- neutral, electrons-negative
name the locations of the 3 different particles in an atom
protons- nucleus, neutrons- nucleus, electrons- orbiting
The charge of each particle in an atom
- protons = +1
- neutrons = 0
- electrons = -1
Describe the mass of each particle in an atom
- protons - +1
- neutrons - +1
- electrons - 1/2000
What is the atom mostly?
Empty space
Explain how Rutherford’s experiment shows us that an atom is mainly empty space
most of the alpha particles went straight through the foil which shows us its mostly empty space
Explain how Rutherford’s experiment shows us the centre of the atom is empty space
1 in 1000 bounced back which shows us most of the mass of the atom is at the centre (nucleus)
Describe how objects become charged
If objects are rubbed together then the electrons transfer to the other object
why do objects become positively charged?
they have less electrons
why do objects become negatively charged?
they have more electrons
What are the dangers of electrostatics?
could cause electric shocks, this could cause burns or even stop your heart.
what are 3 uses for electrostatics?
Use any 3 of these:
paint sprayers, photo copiers, smoke precipitators, lightening rods, inkjet printers, earthing cables
how do electrostatics work?
they pull or push on objects without touching them. Rubbing some materials together can result in something called ‘charge’ being moved from one surface to the other.
What are the uses of smoke precipitators?
- smoke passes through wire grid =charged
- attracted to oppositely charged plates
- plates turn off
- panged together= get rid of soot
What are the uses/ dangers or earthing cables?
- aeroplanes and tankers become charged bc of friction in air
- cable allows electron to flow to ground
- this prevents sparks that could cause fires/ explosions
To avoid a shock what do you do with the earthing cable?
- use rod to press electrons safely to ground
Uses of paint sprayers are?
- Nozzle charges paint oppositely yo the charge of bike
- Paint is then attracted to bike
- so then paint u just sprayed on bike repells from the paint in can
- creates even coat
What do the electrostatics run through as a result of using earthing cables?
Earthing cables work when you connect the cable to the ground
Approximately how many volts would you need to create a spare 5cm long in air?
150,000
What is a spark?
A huge electrical discharge
If two objects are put close to each other and they have the same charge, what do you see?
That they repell
If you put two objects with different charges next to each other, what happens?
They attract
If a comb with a positive charge is heald above some negatively charged peices of paper what is likely to happen?
They attract to each other and so the comb picks ip the pieces of paper 📃
Give examples of insulators
- Plastic
- Glass
- Rubber
- Wood
Give examples of conductors
- Silver
- Copper
- Aluminium
- Iron
What can transfer from one object to the other (what charge)
Electrons
Why can only electrons travel from one object to another?
Because they orbit the nucleus
