Electrophilic substituent reactions of Benzene

Question 1

what rection does benzene undergo

Answer 1

electrophilic substitution

Question 2

what reaction does benzene and its reactants undergo

Answer 2

substitution reaction in which the hydrogen in the benzene ring is replaced by another atom in the group

Question 3

What happens in the nitration of benzene

Answer 3

benzene reacts slowly with nitric acid to form nitrobenzene. The reaction is catalyzed by sulfuric acid and heated to 50 degrees to obtain a good rate of reaction

Question 4

What is used to maintain the steady temperature during Nitration

Answer 4

water bath

Question 5

What happens when the temperature rise above 50 degrees

Answer 5

further substitution may occur leading to the production of dinitrobenzene. This shows the importance of temperature control in preparation of organic compounds

Question 6

what can nitrobenzene be used as

Answer 6

important starting material in the preparation of dyes, pharmaceutical pesticides. It can be used as a starting material in the preparation of paracetomal

Question 7

what is the reaction mechanism for the starting material called

Answer 7

electrophilic substitution

Question 8

what happens during the electrophilic substitution of the nitration reaction of Benzene

Answer 8

use the nitronium ion as an electrophile (NO2+) produced by the reaction of concentrated nitric and sulfuric acid
The electrophile accepts a pair of electrons from benzene ring to form a dative covalent bond .
The organic intermediate formed is unstable and breaks down to form the organic product nitrobenzene and the H+ ION
A stable benzene ring is formed