Electrophilic addition Flashcards
what type of bond fission is electrophilic addition?
heterolytic
why are alkenes relatively reactive?
the C=C double bond has a relatively low bond enthalpy
define electrophile
an electron pair acceptor
what is the observation for a reaction between bromine water and alkenes?
orange to colourless
where does the first curly arrow start?
C=C bond
where does the first curly arrow move to initially ?
the electrophile (delta-positive)
where does the curly arrow move to next?
delta-negative
where does the curly arrow move from and to in the second step?
from electrophile with lone pair
to positive carbon
what is the molecule in the second step called?
carbocation intermediate
alkene + Br2 —> ?
state the conditions
dihaloalkane
RTP
alkene + HBr —> ?
state the conditions
haloalkane
RTP
alkene + H2O (g) —> ?
state the conditions
alcohol
concentrated phosphoric acid (H3PO4)
300 degrees
60atm
alkene + H2 —> ?
state the conditions
alkane
nickel catalyst
150 degrees
what is a primary carbocation?
carbon attached to 1 alkyl group
what is the minor product?
product on least stable carbocation
