Electrons Flashcards
What did Bohr’s model of the atom tell us about the atom?
Electrons travel in specified energy levels. As you move further from the nucleus, the electrons increase in energy.
Who is Max Planck and what did he do for the atom?
Max Planck related the energy of light and radiation to frequency by coming up with the equation E = h𝝂, where h is Planck’s constant.
What is the uncertainty principle? Who discovered it
It is not possible to know the position and velocity (speed) of an electron at the same time. Werner Heisenberg came up with this idea.
As an electron moves closer to the nucleus, what happens to its energy? How do you know this happens?
As electrons move closer to the nucleus, their energy is lowered, meaning they release energy. The energy released is typically in the form of colored light and that is how you are able to tell they are losing energy.
What are noble gases? Where are they located on the periodic table?
Noble Gases are inert, or unreactive gases. They are located in the 18th column or 18th group on the periodic table. They are He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, and Rn.
What is light? What are the properties of light?
ight is a form of electromagnetic radiation that has both wave and particle properties.
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What is the Quantum Mechanical Model? Who discovered it? What does it tell us about atoms?
The Quantum Mechanical Model of an atom states that electrons are in specified orbitals within the energy levels Bohr discovered. Erwin Schrodinger discovered it. It is the most up-to-date model of the atom and it tells us more specifically where electrons are in the atom.
What are the shapes of the s, p, d, and f orbitals?
The s orbitals are shaped like a sphere. The p orbitals are shaped like dumbbells. The d orbitals are shaped like clovers. Don’t worry about the shape of f orbitals.
An element has the electron configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3. What element is it?
The element is phosphorus (P). Use the periodic table to help you. This configuration has 15 electrons, which means it is atomic number 15, which is P.
Which sublevel is the lowest energy? Highest energy? How do you know which one is higher and which one is lower?
The n = 1 energy level is the lowest in energy and the n = 7 is the highest in energy. As you move further from the nucleus, the energy increases. Within the same energy level, energy will increase as you move from s to p to d to f, meaning s is the lowest in energy and f is the highest.
How many electrons can be held in each energy level?
How many sublevels are in each of the energy levels?
Each energy level has a different maximum number of electrons depending on the number of orbitals it has.
1st Energy Level - 2 (s)
2nd Energy Level - 8 (s, p)
3rd Energy Level - 18 (s, p, d)
4th Energy Level - 32 (s, p, d, f)
5th Energy Level - 32 (s, p, d, f)
6th Energy Level - 18 (s, p, d)
7th Energy Level - 8 (s, p)
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How are frequency and wavelength related?
Frequency and wavelength are inversely proportional, meaning as one increases, the other decreases.
How are energy and frequency related?
Energy and frequency are directly proportional, meaning as one increases, the other also increases.
How many valence electrons does fluorine have?
7 valence electrons, 2 from the 2s and 5 from the 2p.
Write the electron configuration for copper.
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d9
