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Electronics > Electronics fundamentals > Flashcards

Electronics fundamentals Flashcards

1
Q

What is Electricity?

A

Electricity is a form of energy. It is the result of interactions between positively and negatively charged particles.

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2
Q

What is Charge?

A

Charge is a physical property of matter that causes it to experience a force when near other electrically charged matter. Electric charge can be positive and negative and is measured in Coulombs (C).

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3
Q

What is the fundamental charge of an electron? ( positive and negative)

A

1.602* 10^-19
-1.602*10^-19

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4
Q

What an atom might become?

A

Atom can become charged ions when they gain or lose electrons. Electrons that are free from atoms are called delocalized.

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5
Q

What is the fundamental building of atom?

A

Atom consists of a nucleus of protons and neutrons, encircled by electrons.

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6
Q

When the atom is electrically neutral?

A

An atom is electrically neutral when the number of protons equals the number of electrons, giving the atom a net charge of zero.

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7
Q

What is a Current?

A

Current is the flow of electric charges in a circuit. It is measured in amperes, or amps (A), and represents the rate of charge flow.

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8
Q

What is a Voltage?

A

Voltage is a fundamental electrical quantity that measures the energy carried by electric charges and serves as the driving force that pushes charges through a circuit. Voltage is measured in volts (V) and can be subdivided into two types, each with its own significance in electrical circuits:

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9
Q

What is a potential difference?

A

PD (Voltage) represents the potential difference between points within a circuit where electrical energy is being used or consumed. It’s the ”push” that makes charges move around the circuit. Voltage is measured in volts (V).

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10
Q

What is Electromotive Force (EMF)?

A

EMF represents the potential difference provided by a specific electrical energy source (like a battery) and is essentially the ”push” that sets charges in motion. In an ideal case with no internal resistance, the EMF equals the terminal voltage across the source when no current is flowing.

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11
Q

What is the resistance?

A

Resistance opposes the flow of current in a circuit. It’s determined by the material and dimensions of a component and is measured in ohms (Ω).

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12
Q

What is the Power?

A

Power is the rate at which work is done or energy is transferred in an electric circuit. It’s calculated as the product of voltage and current and is measured in watts (W).

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13
Q

What is the capacitance?

A

Capacitance is the ability of a component to store electric charge. It’s measured in farads (F).

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14
Q

How to find Voltage(V)?

A

V=I×R

I(Current)
R(Resistance)

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15
Q

How to find Charge?

A

Q = I * t

Q(Charge)
I(Current)
T(time - seconds)

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16
Q

How to find Power?

A

P = I * V

P(Power)
I(Current)
V(Voltage)

17
Q

What is the point of the Cell in the circuit?

A

A cell is a collection of chemicals that generates an electrical potential difference (voltage) in a circuit.

18
Q

What is the battery?

A

Combination of a cell to generate a voltage.

19
Q

What is a bulb?

A

A bulb emits light when current passes through it.

20
Q

Open switch

A

A switch interrupts the flow of cur- rent when it’s open.

21
Q

Resistor

A

A resistor limits the flow of current in a circuit and is measured in ohms (Ω).

22
Q

Variable Resistor (poten- tiometer)

A

A variable resistor ((potentiometer)) allows you to adjust the resistance in a circuit.

23
Q

Light-Dependent-Resistor (LDR)

A

Light-Dependent-Resistor (LDR)
An LDR’s resistance changes with light intensity.

24
Q

Termistor

A

A thermistor’s resistance changes with temperature.

25
Q

Ammeter

A

An ammeter measures the current flowing through a circuit in amperes (A).

26
Q

Voltage

A

A voltmeter measures the voltage across a component or circuit in volts (V).

27
Q

Diode

A

A diode allows current flow in one direction.

28
Q

LED (Light-Emitting Diode)

A

An LED emits light when current flows through it.

29
Q

Capacitor

A

A capacitor is a component that stores electric charge and energy in an electric field.

30
Q

Fuse

A

A fuse protects circuits by break- ing when the current exceeds a safe limit.

31
Q

Transistor

A

A transistor is a semiconductor device used for amplification and switching.

Electronics (1 decks)

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