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ECE 4C > ELECTRONICS > Flashcards

ELECTRONICS Flashcards

1
Q

It is the directional motion of electrons

A

Electric Current

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2
Q

It deals with stationary charged particles

A

Electrostatic

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3
Q

The effects of moving electrons

A

Magnetism

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4
Q

Magnetism due to electric current

A

Electromagnetism

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5
Q

what is the charge of the electron

A

-1.602x10^-19

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6
Q

what is the charge of proton

A

1.602x10^-19

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7
Q

what is the mass of the electron

A

9.109x10^-1

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8
Q

what is the mass of the proton

A

1.67x10^-27

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9
Q

what is the mass of the neutron

A

1.67x10^-27

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10
Q

who introduced the concept of electric field lines?

A

Michael Faraday

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11
Q

It deals with the phenomena due to attractions or repulsions of electric charges that are not moving

A

Electrostatics

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12
Q

It states that the force of attraction or repulsion between two charges is directly proportional to the value of each charge

A

Coulomb’s first law

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13
Q

it is the vector sum of two charges that exert forces on another charge

A

Principle of Superposition

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14
Q

the force that caused another particle to move

A

EMF

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15
Q

The total number of electric field lines passing a given area in a unit of time

A

Electric Flux Density

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16
Q

The electric lines in an electric field

A

Electric Flux

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17
Q

It is the amount of work needed to take a 1 coulomb charge from one point to another

A

Electric Potential Difference

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18
Q

materials with less than 4 valence electrons

A

conductors

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19
Q

materials with more than 4 valance electrons

A

Insulators

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20
Q

materials with exactly 4 valance electrons

A

semiconductor

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21
Q

materials that produce zero net magnetic force

A

Non-magnetic materials

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22
Q

a property of particles that causes them to experience a force when placed in an electric or magnetic field. It comes in two types: positive and negative.

A

electric charge

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23
Q

states that the force between two charges is directly proportional to the product of the magnitudes of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them

A

Coulomb’s law

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24
Q

a region around a charged object where other charges experience a force.

A

electric field

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25
the opposition to the flow of electric current in a material
resistance
26
states that the current (I) through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage (V) across the two points and inversely proportional to the resistance (R) of the conductor
Ohm's law
27
the rate at which electrical energy is transferred by an electric circuit.
Electric power
28
a vector field that describes the magnetic influence on moving electric charges, electric currents, and magnetic materials.
magnetic field
29
the process by which a changing magnetic field creates an electric current in a conductor.
electromagnetic induction
30
states that the induced electromotive force (EMF) in any closed circuit is proportional to the rate of change of the magnetic flux through the circuit.
Faraday's Law of Induction
31
states that the direction of the induced current in a closed loop due to a changing magnetic field is such that it opposes the change in magnetic flux that produced it.
Lenz's law
32
a coil of wire that generates a magnetic field when an electric current is passed through it.
solenoid
33
it generates a magnetic field when an electric current passes through it. Its strength can be adjusted by changing the current or the number of coils.
electromagnet
34
a device that changes the voltage of an alternating current (AC) by using electromagnetic induction between two or more coils of wire.
transformer
35
refers to the total magnetic field passing through a given area. It is measured in weber (Wb).
Magnetic Flux
36
the production of a voltage difference across an electrical conductor, transverse to the electric current and magnetic field applied, due to the Lorentz force acting on the moving charges.
Hall Effect
37
The situation where any increase in the amount of magnetizing force will have very little magnetic effect
Saturation
38
It is the intensity of the magnetic field that causes a material to become magnetised
Magnetic Field of Force
39
what is present whenever a charge moves?
Magnetic Field (B)
40
It is the ability to allow or set up a magnetic field
Permeability
40
what is the unit for permeability
Henry/meter
40
what happens to the magnetic flux when a magnetizing force is applied to a demagnetized ferromagnetic material
It rises
41
This type of magnet exhibits permanent magnetism
Natural magnet
41
this magnet is made of hard magnetic material
Permanent magnet (AlNiCo)
42
It is the magnetic flux left after the magnetizing force reaches zero
remanence or residual magnetism
42
The amount of force that can bring residual magnetism to zero
Coercive force
43
the ability to retain magnetism when magnetizing force is removed
retentivity
44
The lagging of the magnetization of a ferromagnetic material
Magnetic Hysteresis loop
45
It is the ratio of the total flux (flux in the iron path) to the useful flux (flux in airgap)
Flux density
46
Flux density is produced in it due to its own induced magnetism
Intensity magnetization
47
Non-metallic material that has ferromagnetic properties of iron
Ferrites
48
What is the opposition to the flow of current in an electric circuit?
resistance
49
What is the power wasted since the resultant heat is not used?
Dissipation
50
Resistors with ____ resistance value have lower voltage ratings since they have less current
high
51
These are element which produces a signal relating to the quantity being measured?
SENSORS
52
These are devices which provide output with respect to the specific physical quantity
SENSORS
53
What are the parts of a SENSOR?
1. Sensing element 2. Conduction of signals and processing 3. Sensor interface
54
This type of sensor requires an external excitation or a power signal?
Active Sensor
55
This sensor does not require external power signal and directly generates output response?
Passive Sensor
56
This sensor produces analog output?
Analog sensor
57
This sensor work with discrete or digital data?
Digital sensor
58
These sensors measure changes in temperature and are widely used in thermostats, refrigerators, and industrial processes.
Temperature sensors
59
This specific type of temperature sensor measure temperature by detecting the voltage difference between two dissimilar metals?
Thermocouples
60
This type of specific temperature sensor are known for their high accuracy and wide temperature?
Thermocouples
61
This type of temperature sensor utilize a material whose resistance changes significantly with temperature?
Thermistors
62
Thermistors are commonly used in _____ and _____ applications
automotive and medical devices
63
This sensor measures temperature by detecting changes in resistance.
Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTD)
64
These sensors measure changes in pressure and are commonly used in industrial processes, automotive applications, and medical equipment.
Pressure sensors
65
This sensor utilize a material whose resistance changes with pressure.
Piezoresistive sensors
66
This sensors measures pressure by detecting changes in capacitance.
Capacitive sensors
67
This sensor generate a voltage when subjected to pressure.
Piezoelectric sensor
68
These sensors measure changes in light intensity and are commonly used in cameras, automatic lighting systems and solar panels.
Light sensors
69
These sensors convert light into electrical current.
photodiodes
70
These sensors amplify the current generated by light
Phototransistors
71
this sensor exhibit a change in resistance based on light intensity.
Photoresistors
72
These sensors detect the presence of objects without physical contact. They are specifically used in robotics, automotive and security systems.
Proximity sensors
73
This sensor detect object by measuring capacitance.
Capacitive sensors
74
This sensor detect objects by measuring changes in inductance.
Inductive sensor
75
This sensor emits sound waves and measure the time it takes for the waves to reflect back from an object
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ECE 4C (5 decks)

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