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ECDIS MCA > Electronic Charts > Flashcards

Electronic Charts Flashcards

1
Q

Of the following which is NOT a requirement that may be found in an ECDIS

CPU
AIS Intergration
CRT or flat screen display
Position sensor ie GPS / loran

A

AIS INTEGRATION

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2
Q

The display of particular colors in ECDIS

Have no significant meaning
Are variable within limits according to user preference
Vary from one hydrographic survey to another
Are standardized so as to distinguish chart features

A

Are standardized so as to distinguish chart features

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3
Q

The display of “all other information” is

Permanently retained on display
Recalled by a single operator action
Is displayed by all classes on demand or by individual thematic layers
None of the above

A

Is displayed by all classes on demand or by individual thematic layers

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4
Q

Spatial data refers to

The position of an object
The cultural feature associated with a chart object
The S-52 library of char objects
IHO S-57 transfer standard

A

The position of an object

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5
Q

What is the advantage of organizing chart date categories within a database

Allows operator access to information linked to chart objects
Allows operator access to control the presentation of objects on the display
Allows operator access to set operational warning and alarms based on chart information such as depth and area boundaries
All of the above

A

All of the above

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6
Q

IHO publication S-52 contains

Date structure and transfer standard for ECDIS data
The chart library symbols and rules for presentation of ECDIS data
Raster data produced by authorized hydrographic offices
The resolution adopted by SOLAS chapter V 0 requirement to carry updated charts

A

The chart library symbols and rules for presentation of ECDIS data

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7
Q

Which one of the following is not a characteristic of raster data structure charts?

Composed of pictures elements (pixels)
Attribute tables linked to chart features
Image quality and resolution affected in scaling in or out
Limited in ability to carry information about charted features

A

Attribute tables linked to chat features

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8
Q

What is the significance of user-selected depth contour that may be highlighted

A coastline contour for arrival alarms
Ownships contour to reference distance made good
A safety contour that is relevant to the draft of the vessel
A safety contour related to arrival destination

A

A safety contour that is relevant to the draft of the vessel

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9
Q

According to performance standard, how accurate is ECDIS data required to be

97% accuracy standard when compared to associated paper chart
Accuracy that meets or exceeds the accuracy of associated paper charts
Accuracy must exceed related raster charts
None of the above

A

Accuracy that meets or exceeds the accuracy of associated paper charts

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10
Q

According to performance standards, radar overlay must be capable of being removed from the SENC _________

During daylight hours only
By a single operator action
Only when indicated by alarms
Whenever there is a discrepancy between radar based position and primary sensor position

A

By a single operator action

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11
Q

ECDIS should be capable of identifying discrepancies between what two systems

Any two positions system methods ava to ECDIS
ECDIS AND AIS
ECDIS AND ASSOCIATED PAPER CHART
GPS AND LORAN A

A

Any two positions system methods ava to ECDIS

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12
Q

When using GPS for the positioning system, the SENC and the GPS should be referencing the same _____

Geodetic datum
Horizontal datum
Radar overlay
Appropriate hydrographic symbology

A

Geodetic datum

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13
Q

According to performance standards. ECDIS may be connected to other navigation inputs under which conditions

Accuracy is impacted no less than 2%
The additional connections provide a method for checking position accuracy against the connect equipment
There is no degradation to ECDIS performance
The equipment is standardized by the USCG

A

There is no degradation to ECDIS performance

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14
Q

The responsibility of compiling accurate survey data, distribution data to user, and production of update lies with _____
The US Coast Guard
The national Geo special agency
The official hydrographic agency for a particular region
The national oceanic and atmospheric association

A

The official hydrographic agency for a particular region

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15
Q

Which of the following events or conditions might trigger an alarm or an indication
Echo sound failure
Position fixing system failure
Use of an inferior chart when it better choices available in the inventory
All of the above

A

ALL OF THE ABOVE

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16
Q

Which is the greatest problem in Dayton miss matches ?
TheY trigger alarms at the wrong time
They trigger in dictators at a long time
They have the potential to be catastrophic
They can create errors of over 2000 m

A

They have the potential to be catastrophic

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17
Q

Hey the active or inaccurate position fixing system can lead to which of the following?
A false position display of own ship
A condition that could seriously in danger the system safety
In accurate display of nearby dangerous to navigation
All of the above

A

All of the above

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18
Q 
A chart object removed from the SENC?
Will remain in the ENC
Will degrade the value of displayed data
Will be replaced in the ENC during the next periodic update
Cannot be easily replaced
A

Will remain in the ENC

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19
Q

Which one of the following components is not required for an ECDIS to function at an elementary level?
The interface for the display of AIS data
A display screen capable of accurate presentation of ECDIS data
A sensor providing position fixing data
A central processing unit

A

The interface for the display of AIS data

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20
Q

Which of the following statements best explains as play showing two motion vectors for own ship, one offset by several degrees from the other?

One vector shows ships heading while the other shows the desired course to clear navigational danger
One vector better shows ships heading while the other shows course over ground
One shows ships heading for the other shows a danger bearing
ECDIS is malfunctioning, and needs to be rebooted

A

One vector shows ships heading while the other shows the desired course to clear navigational danger

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21
Q

Which of the following statements is correct GPSE input?

Is only required for ocean transits
GPS Datum must be the same as a reference date for the chart in use
Acceptable only with 18 satellite configuration
Must be used in conjunction with WAAS receivers

A

GPS Datum must be the same as a reference datum for the chart in use

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22
Q

The GPS system includes a satellite consolation of?

20 satellites in Geo statuary orbits
24 satellites in low earth elevation orbits
A northern and southern hemisphere consolation consisting of 10 satellites each
A system of land based high frequency radio transmitting towers re-transmitting satellite time signals

A

24 satellites in low earth elevation orbits

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23
Q

The “selective availability” may be activated by ____

The commander in chief
Port state control
US Coast Guard
Individual manufacturers

A

The commander in chief

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24
Q

Which of the following statements describe datum?

Date of publication fo that most recent char edition
A base reference point for measurements
A hydrographic agency’s method for determining published chart accuracy
A random transmission in the GPS signal used for calibration purposes

A

A base reference point for measurements

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25
Q

NAD - 27 AND NAD - 83 are examples of ____

Chart datum that have been used in nautical char construction in North America
Backup datum commonly used in first generation GPS
Canadian hydrographic agency official datum
NGA index numbers referring to charts produced after 1927 and 1983 respectively

A

Chart datum that have been used in nautical char construction in North America

NAD (NORTH AMERICA DATUM)

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26
Q

WITH ADEQUATE BACK UP ARRANGEMENTS, ECDIS MAY BE ACCEPTED ____

As complying with the up-to-date charts required by regulation V/20 of the 1974 SOLAS convention
As the sole source for all navigation data
As the only real time display capable of fulfilling the typical requirements of navigational duties
None of the above

A

As complying with the up-to-date charts required by regulation V/20 of the 1974 SOLAS convention

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27
Q

Which of the following is a required feature of route planning

To display AIS information
The ability to select alternative position sensor
The ability to change chart scale
The ability to access information from official publications

A

The ability to access information from official publications

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28
Q

SENC, as defined by ECDIS performance standards, would include all of the following with the exception of _____

A database resulting from the transformation of the ENC information by ECDIS
Updates to the ENC by appropriate means
A displayed chart that is the equivalent to an up-to-date paper chart
A continuously and automatically updated raster date set of S -57 world-wide-folio

A

A continuously and automatically updated raster date set of S -57 world-wide-folio

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29
Q

It should be easy to add or remove information from the ECDIS display. It should not be possible to remove the information by contained in the _____

Display base
Default display
Initial display
All other information display

A

Display base

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30
Q

The effective size of the chart presentation for route monitoring should be at least

15 x 15
270mm x 270mm
1280x1240 pixels
The size depends on the class of vessel

A

270mm x 270mm

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31
Q

ECDIS is also be capable of accepting updates to the ENC data entered manually. Which one of the following statements is true in regard to manual updates?

There is simple means for verification prior to the final acceptance of the date
They would be distinguishable on the display from ENC information and ENC updates
Manual updates area always superseded by the most recent EN update that preceded the manual update
Manual updates should not affect display legibility

A

Manual updates should not affect display legibility

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32
Q

Which one of the following statements is true

Only raw radar data may be imported to the ECDIS display
Radar image and ARPA information may be imported to display
Care should be taken when importing radar date. As it is time consuming to remove from the display
ARPA functions can be accessed through the ECDIS menu

A

Radar image and ARPA information may be imported to display

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33
Q

The performance standards require a facility for adjusting planned routes by four different methods. Which of the following methods is not required by ECDIS

Adding a waypoint to a route
Deleting a way point from a route
Adding routes and / waypoints from GPS storage
Changing the position of a waypoint

A

Adding routes and / waypoints from GPS storage

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34
Q

Which of the following alarms is required feature for route monitoring ?

When the radar image is out of scale with the active display

When the scale in use is the largest scale supported by ENC Data format

When, within user defined time limits, own ship will cross the boundary of a prohibited area or of a geographical area for which special conditions exist

When through any environmental cause, a delay in reaching pre-planned position is detected but route analysis feature.

A

When the scale in use is the largest scale supported by ENC Data format

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35
Q

The library of allowable symbols for display on ECDIS are

Updated by notice to mariners
Described in IHO-publication S-52
Symbols typically found on virtually any electronic chart
user determined

A

Described in IHO-publication S-52

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36
Q

Which of the following choices described a periodic update

An update that is required at the end of each voyage lasting greater than one week
The notice to manners
One set of correction information which has been issued since the last new edition of the ENC
A set of correction information which has been issued since the last new edition of the ENC

A

An update that is required at the end of each voyage lasting greater than one week

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37
Q

An ECDIS display base is described as _____

SENC information which is considered essential and cannot be removed from the display
Similar to the standard display with radar and ARPA data overlaid
Display of user selected objects
None of the above

A

SENC information which is considered essential and cannot be removed from the display

38
Q

Displayed scale is described as ____

The range of allowable display ratios
An optional display feature
The original survey ratio
The ratio between a distance on the display and the real-world distance it refers to

A

The ratio between a distance on the display and the real-world distance it refers to

39
Q

Which of the following formats is the nation hydrographic authority officially maintained database in digital form

S-57
ENC
ENCDB
SENC

A

ENCDB

40
Q

What is the advantage of organizing chart data categories within a database?

Allows operator access to information linked to chart objects
Allows operator to control the presentation of objects on the display
Allows operator to set operational warnings and alarms based on chart information such as depth and area boundaries
All of the above

A

All of the above

41
Q

Which of the following described “ground stabilized?”

Own ships position referencing radar information
Correction of offset, if any, due to ambiguous reference datum
Own ships heading and speed through the water
Own ships motion referencing the coordinates of the earth

A

Own ships motion referencing the coordinates of the earth

42
Q

IHO publication S -52 contains _____?

Data structure and transfer standard for ECDIS data
The chart library symbols and rules for presentation of the ECDIS data
Raster data produced by authorized hydrographic offices
The resolution adopted by SOLAS chapter V requirements to carry updated charts

A

The chart library symbols and rules for presentation of the ECDIS data

43
Q

Which of the following is not a source of information to the SENC

ENC
Position sensor such as GPS
Manual updates added by the mariner
HO 102 international code of signals

A

HO 102 international code of signals

44
Q

A “record” is

An entry in a database that refers to all information on the associated row of the entry
A column of information within a database
A hand edited document requiring an entry each time the database is littered by the mariner
All of the above

A

An entry in a database that refers to all information on the associated row of the entry

45
Q

True distance refer to ?

actual geographic distance considering reference datum
Distances measured on a raster chart
The distance along the intended DR track
Sea stabilized distance

A

actual geographic distance considering reference datum

46
Q

Which of the following is not capability of ECDIS?

Ability to store and display raster data
Ability to display AIS information
Ability to receive navigation information in analog format by MF/HF radio transmissions
Ability to easily update chart libraries with official data

A

Ability to receive navigation information in analog format by MF/HF radio transmissions

47
Q

When may the user alter “display-base data”

During periodic updates
Display base may not be altered
Only when editing user charts
When relevant to the safety of the voyage

A

Display base may not be altered

48
Q

Which of the following is an accurate description of a SENC

The updated chat files and associated spatial information
A database resulting from the transformation of the ENC by ECDIS for appropriate use
The transfer standard for digital hydrographic data
A database standardized as to content, structure, and format

A

A database resulting from the transformation of the ENC by ECDIS for appropriate use

49
Q

Which of the following statements about vector data format charts is false?

They tend to pixilated when scaling out
They can be only as accurate as the survey that produced the chart data
Vector data formats allow for many attributes to be linked to one chart object
They are not accurate representations of paper charts produced by high resolution scanning

A

They tend to pixilated when scaling out

50
Q

According to performance standards, what will happen when the active position fixing input is lost

The backup system will be automatically activated
ECDIS will provide an indication
The route monitor will continue to log the anticipated position
Nothing

A

ECDIS will provide an indication

51
Q

Waypoint coordinates may be

Captured during active navigation
Entered during route planning
Reviewed at any time
All of the above

A

All of the above

52
Q

How may the performance tests of ECDIS conducted during or prior to a voyage

By FCC-Approved technician
Through use of optional monitoring equipment
Either through automatic or manually activated functions
By careful comparison between position finding systems

A

Either through automatic or manually activated functions

53
Q

Rebooting the ECDIS is NOT required after experiencing a power supply disruption of

60 sec or less
30 sec or less
45 sec or less
25 sec or less

A

45 sec or less

54
Q

The details of a particular aid to navigation are

Required to be shown on the display base but optional on the standard display
Required on the standard display, but optional on the display base
Available as part of a display that would include “all other information”
Available only in play or route planning modes

A

Required on the standard display, but optional on the display base

55
Q

ENC data is transformed by ECDIS into what type of display

Raster chart display
The displayed chart information including user added data
A display of navigational record keeping systems
All of the above

A

The displayed chart information including user added data

56
Q

Which of the following statements is true regarding the GPS reference datum

It’s must be NAD-27
It will normally be WGS-84 for S-57 charts
It must agree with the international hydrographic office datum for the nav region of operations
It is always set to the WGS/GIS 1979 international survey

A

It will normally be WGS-84 for S-57 charts

57
Q

Which of the following statements describes selective availability of GPS signals

Limitation of GPS signal Ava depending upon the location of the vessel
Loss of signal due to atmospheric or geographic limitations
Unpredictable ASF errors inherent in the GPS system
Inducing intentional random errors scrambling to the GPS time signals for reasons of national security

A

Inducing intentional random errors scrambling to the GPS time signals for reasons of national security

58
Q

If the GPS produces a discrepancy when plotted, between an ECDIS and a paper - chart position, which of the following actions would be correct?????

Insure that the paper chart datum and/or the electronic chart datum are in agreement with the datum being referenced by the GPS receiver

If the difference is slight (.25NM or less) there is no procedure required; otherwise disregard the paper chart position

Check for errors in the GPS library signal

None of the above

A

Insure that the paper chart datum and/or the electronic chart datum are in agreement with the datum being referenced by the GPS receiver

59
Q

Compared to using the paper, ECDIS should

Provide greater geographical coverage
Reduce the navigational workload
Allow simple plotting of visual bearings of charted features
Allow cost efficient and timely acquisition of raster data

A

Reduce the navigational workload

60
Q

You expect to enter an area of low visibility and high traffic density within the next half an hour you should?

Import radar information, return to display base to reduce clutter and sound maneuvering signals of any vessel within 3 miles CPA by radar

Display the course and speed of all vessels within 16 miles on the standard display, and reduce speed to bear steerageway, and display own ship safety vectors

Check the course over ground, acquire targets on ECDIS, “enable all other information” layers to be displayed and plan for alternate route

Post a lookout and ensure that there is an ability to communicate with them, reduce speed as required

A

Post a lookout and ensure that there is an ability to communicate with them, reduce speed as required

61
Q

It should be possible for the mariner to select a safety contour from the depth contours provided by the SENC. ECDIS should____?

Temporarily remove all other contours
Emphasize safety contour over other contours
Provide the approved guard zone properties
Export the safety contour to the ARPA

A

Emphasize safety contour over other contours

62
Q

Which one of the following is not true regarding ENC data?

The ENC and all updates to it should be displayed without any degradation of their information content
ECDIS should provide a method to ensure that the ENC and all updates to it have been correctly loaded into the SENC
SENC display date is comprised exclusively of ENC information
The ENC data and updates to it should be clearly distinguishable from other displayed information

A

SENC display date is comprised exclusively of ENC information

63
Q

Which one of the following are NOT TRUE regarding updating of ENC data

ECDIS should keep a record of updates
ECDIS should allow the mariner to display updates in order to review their contents and to ascertain that they have been included in the SENC
The contents of the SENC should be adequate and up-to-date for the intended voyage
There is a facility for downloading ENC data from other ships with updated ENC files, provided their data contents are verifiable

A

There is a facility for downloading ENC data from other ships with updated ENC files, provided their data contents are verifiable

64
Q

Which of the following alarms is required feature for route monitoring

When ownship crosses a user defined safety boundary, within specified time limit
When CPA is less than 3 miles
When TCPA is less than 45 min
When entering or departing traffic separation schemes

A

When ownship crosses a user defined safety boundary, within specified time limit

65
Q

The purpose of clutter reduction is to

Improve vis
Increase background noise
Reduce visibility
Mute brightness

A

Improve vis

66
Q

The term date structure refers to?

A computer interpretable format used for storing, accessing, transferring, and archiving data
The official ECDIS library
The index of updates auto logged at the end of each periodic update
Information stored in electronic files

A

A computer interpretable format used for storing, accessing, transferring, and archiving data

67
Q

An ECDIS standard display is

SENC info which cannot be removed from the display
Is the default display when ECDIS if first initialized
A display category whereby other information can be selected and displayed by class
None of the above

A

Is the default display when ECDIS if first initialized

68
Q

Which of the following statements about ECDIS is false?

Uses official IHO chart data produced by authorized hydrographic sources
May display raster based data sets
Will function only with S-57 chart data
May fulfill the requirements to carry update charts when supplemented with an appropriate backup chart

A

Will function only with S-57 chart data

69
Q

Spatial data refers to ??

The position of an object
The cultural features associated with a chart object
The S-52 library of chart objects
IHO S-57 transfer standard

A

The position of an object

70
Q

Which of the following described “grounded stabilized”

Own ships position referencing radar info
Correction of offset. If any, due to ambiguous reference datum
Own ships heading and speed through the water
Own ships motion referencing the coordinates of earth

A

Own ships motion referencing the coordinates of earth

71
Q

Which of the following is not a source of information to the SENC ?

ENC
Position sensor such as GPS
Manual updates added by the mariner
HO 102 international code of signals

A

HO 102 international code of signals

72
Q

Date used to produce vector format charts is found in??

A database of records of chart features and objects

A database of high res scans of authentic paper charts

A database of raster charts, with added information from IHO’s

A database editable by the mariner composed of ENC data

A

A database of records of chart features and objects

73
Q

SENC if defined as

System electronic nautical chart
Sensitive electronic nautical chart
State ECDIS naval command
Systematic electronic navigational chart

A

System electronic nautical chart

74
Q

A display containing info related to coastline, depth contours, isolated dangers, aids to navigation, and recommended routes?

Head up display
Standard display
Base display
All of the above

A

Standard display

75
Q

A SENC may include which of the following info?/

Imported radar image
Imported ARPA tracking information
Imported AIS data
All of the above

A

All of the above

76
Q

When should the selected route and own ships position appear on the active display during voyage route monitoring ?

Always
When the display is presenting an area that include the current position of own ship
Whenever the EBL is being used to measure the distance between two charted objects
Whenever true motion display mode is selected

A

When the display is presenting an area that include the current position of own ship

77
Q

Voyage data that may be used to reproduce the navigational info are auto saved for

Previous 12 hours
Previous 12 days
The previous hour only
The entire voyage form point of departure

A

Previous 12 hours

78
Q

In an IMO approved ECDIS, an electronic back-up system would typically display at least??

Raster data display
North up display
Standard display
Official ARCS display

A

Standard display

79
Q

Which of the following is accepted as an international standard for measuring vertical distances

Horizontal datum of regional hydrographic office
Mean astronomical tide
WGS-81
Lowest astronomical tide LAT

A

Lowest astronomical tide LAT

80
Q

Which of the following can affect the accuracy of position fixing info to GPS?

Elevation of GPS satellites providing positional info
Local magnetic disturbances
Lack of go-stationary satellites in view of antenna
Relative humidity greater than 60% causing excessive refraction

A

Elevation of GPS satellites providing positional info

81
Q

Which one of the followed choices accurately describes spatial data?

Geo-referenced data (lat and long and elevation within ECDIS
A three dimensional structure for information storage
A communication and distribution system for disseminating databases
Any type of cartographic display

A

Geo-referenced data (lat and long and elevation within ECDIS

82
Q

Which of the following statements describes the standard display?

Min screen res 1280x1064
340mm screen dim
The level of info that is shown when the chart is first displayed
May be required on international routes or voyages exceeding 300 miles

A

The level of info that is shown when the chart is first displayed

83
Q

A properly configured GPS??

Will normally reference the appropriate datum for the area auto
Defaults to the correct datum based on current position of the ship
Is configured to reference the appropriate datum by the user
Is set to the appropriate datum by the manufacturer

A

Is configured to reference the appropriate datum by the user

84
Q

Which of the following types of gps error has the greatest effect on horizontal dilution of precision?

Satellite time signal and ephemeris data errors
Satellite elevation induced errors
Selective availability
Atmospheric refraction

A

Selective availability

85
Q

An ellipsis shape is used by cartographers to___?

Simplify the irregular shape of the earth’s surface to facilitate the overlay of coordinate systems
Digitize 3-dimensional shapes for map construction
Account for the periodic shift in the magnetic poles
None of the above

A

Simplify the irregular shape of the earth’s surface to facilitate the overlay of coordinate systems

86
Q

Which of the following is a specific function of route monitoring

Ability to check route for hazards
Ability to create waypoint and voyage legs
Ability to display the past track
Ability add information to the ENC

A

Ability to display the past track

87
Q

Which of the following is not required for type approved ECDIS

Route planning for all routes
Route monitoring and positioning
Automatic acquisition and tracking of GMDSS equipped ships
Continuously plotting the ships position

A

Automatic acquisition and tracking of GMDSS equipped ships

88
Q

ECDIS should emphasize soundings equal to or less than the safety depth whenever ?

Spot soundings are selected for display
Guard zone alarm is enabled
Ground speed is displayed differently by a minimum of two navigation sensors
None of the above

A

Spot soundings are selected for display

89
Q

Which one of the following statements regarding updating ENC data is FALSE//?

ECDIS should be capable of accepting official updates to the ENC data conforming to IHO standards
Update data should be stored separately from ENC data
It should not be possible to alter the contents of original ENC data
ENC files are substantially altered during each update requiring temporary back up procedures

A

ENC files are substantially altered during each update requiring temporary back up procedures

90
Q

Radar info may be added to the ECDIS display which one of the following statements is FALSE regarding radar info?

Radar info should not degrade the SENC information
Radar info should be clearly distinguishable from the SENC information
Radar is generally considered to be ground stabilized for collision avoidance operations
Transferred radar information may contain both the radar image and ARPA information

A

Transferred radar information may contain both the radar image and ARPA information

91
Q

Which of the following alarms is required feature for route monitoring

When CPA is less than 3 miles
An alarm should be given when the specified limit for deviation from the planned route is exceeded
An alarm should be given when the GPS satellite elevations are below 11 degrees
None of the above

A

An alarm should be given when the specified limit for deviation from the planned route is exceeded

ECDIS MCA (1 decks)

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