Electronegativity and molecule polarity Flashcards
What is electronegativity?
A measure of the attraction of a bonded atom for the pair of electrons in a covalent bond
What are the 4 most electronegative elements?
F - 4 > O - 3.5 > N - 3 > Cl - 3
What are the symbols used to represent partial charges in a dipole?
Delta positive for partial positive and delta negative for partial negative
What are non polar covalent bonds?
C - H and X - X (same element)
What are the requirements to be a polar molecule?
Must contain a polar bond and must be asymmetrical (has to gave lone pair / not surrounded by atoms of equal electro negatives - different atoms)
What is a dipole?
A polar bond
What is a permanent dipole?
A small charge difference that does not change across a bond, with partial charges on the bonded atoms
What causes a partial charge difference across atoms?
Bonded atoms having different electronegativities
Why is the C-H bond non-polar?
They have similar electronegativities
