Electron Configuration PPT Flashcards
The arrangement of electrons in an atom is its
electron configuration
It is ____ to know where an electron is or how fast it is traveling at any given time
impossible
Models of the atom, such as the ___ are very inaccurate according to modern atomic theory.
Bohr model
There are “shells” or ___ around an atom.
energy levels
The ___ an energy level is from the nucleus, the more energy the sublevel has
farther away
These are clouds of probability within an energy level, so an actual orbital is a region of space, where an electron might be found.
Orbitals
(Orbitals) It can hold up to 2 electrons (1 pair)
s orbital
It can hold up to 6 electrons (3 pairs)
p orbital
It can hold up to 10 electrons (5 pairs)
d orbitals
It can hold up to 14 electrons (7 pairs)
f orbitals
The electrons fill the available orbitals from lowest energy to
highest energy. In the ground state all the electrons are in the lowest possible energy level.
Aufbau Principle
The electrons must be placed into the orbitals in such a way that no pairs are
put together unless absolutely necessary. That is, single electrons must be placed into boxes first and then paired up if necessary.
Hund’s Rule
Electrons come in two varieties based on the direction they are ‘spinning’. There is an Up spin and a Down spin. Up and Down spins are always paired together and Up-Up or Down-Down combinations are not allowed. No two electrons can ever be in the same place at the same time.
Pauli Exclusion Principle
From the Bottom Up: Rooms must be filled from the ground floor up. Fill the one room on the first floor before starting to put new tenants on the second floor. Then fill the s room before the p rooms. At higher floors the order might change a bit. In electron rules, which one is this?
Aufbau Principle
Singles First: the owner of the building wants to have the tenants spread out as much as possible. For that reason singles are placed in rooms before couples. If couples must be placed into a room then all of the other rooms on that floor must already have a single in them. In electron rules, which one is it?
Hund’s rule
Opposite “Gender” Only: When two people are placed in a room they must be of opposite genders. No men may room together and no women may room together. This is an arbitrary rule on the part of the owners: in a just world we wouldn’t have to follow it. But quantum mechanics has nothing to do with justice. In electron rules, which one is it?
Pauli Exclusion Principle
This is much shorter and more convenient than writing out the entire electron configuration.
Noble Gas notation
The outermost shell of electrons in an atom is the ___ and it contains the valence electrons.
valence shell
