Electron Configuration

Question 1

What does box notation show?

Answer 1

The direction of spin in electrons

The orbital an electron is in

Question 2

Electrons can either spin…

Answer 2

up or down

Electrons can be “spin up” or “spin down” ⥮

Question 3

How would you find the electron configuration of cations?

Answer 3

Remove electrons from the original electron configuration of that element.

Question 4

How would you find the electron configuration of anions?

Answer 4

Add electrons to the highest energy level from the original electron configuration of that element.

Question 5

Which elements are an exception to the Aufbau Principle?

Answer 5

Chromium (Cr)

Copper (Cu)

> > It only has 1 electron in its 4s orbital before filling 3d

Transition metal Period 4 positive IONS

Cr should be [Ar] 4s²3d⁴….but is…. [Ar] 4s¹3d⁵

Cu should be [Ar] 4s²3d⁹…but is… [Ar] 4s¹3d¹⁰

The electrons fill the higher energy level (3d) before they fill the 4s orbital.

Question 6

Chromium and copper atoms have electron configurations which don’t obey the Aufbau Principle because…

Answer 6

It contains only 1 electron in the 4s orbital before it fills the 3d orbital

Question 7

How many orbitals and electrons do these shells contain?

a) 1s
b) 2p
c) 3s
d) 3p
e) 3d
f) 4s

Answer 7

a) 1s = 1 orbital, 2 electrons
b) 2p = 3 orbitals, 6 electrons
c) 3s = 1 orbital, 2 electrons
d) 3p = 3 orbitals, 6 electrons
e) 3d = 5 orbitals, 10 electrons
f) 4s = 1 orbital, 2 electrons

Question 8

What is the order of electron configuration?

Answer 8

1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁶5s²

Question 9

Does 3d or 4s have a higher energy?

Answer 9

3d

Question 10

What is an orbital?

Answer 10

A region around the nucleus that can hold up to two electrons

Shows the likelihood of an electron being in that region - 95%

Question 11

What would be the relationship between 2 electrons in the same orbital in terms of their spin?

Answer 11

Have opposite spin as they repel each other as both are negative