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Science > Electromagnetic Waves > Flashcards

Electromagnetic Waves Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an electromagnetic wave?

A

A disturbance that transfers energy though a force

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2
Q

How do EM waves form?

A

They occur when electrically charged atomic particles move.

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3
Q

What are sources of EM waves?

A

The sun and other stars.

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4
Q

How do EM waves travel in a vacuum?

A

They spread out in all directions from a source of disturbance and travels until there is a interference.

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5
Q

What is the speed EM waves called?

A

The speed of light.

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6
Q

How do EM waves transfer energy?

A

By moving potential energy from one place to another. But when encountered by matter it’s energy can be converted in many forms.

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7
Q

How do EM waves convert energy from one form to another?

A

Different forms of matter and there energy cause the EM wave’s energy is converted in to different forms?

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8
Q

What does the frequency of an EM wave determine?

A

It’s characteristics and users.

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9
Q

Which has more energy, a higher frequency or a lower frequency wave?

A

Higher frequency

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10
Q

How are EM waves measured?

A

By its wavelength.

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11
Q

Radio waves have the _________ wavelength and the ________ frequencies on the EM spectrum.

A

Longest ; lowest

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12
Q

What does AM stand for?

A

Amplitude modulation

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13
Q

What does FM stand for?

A

Frequency modulation

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14
Q

Why part of the wave is changed to create AM?

A

Amplitude

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15
Q

What part of the wave is changed to create FM?

A

Frequency

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16
Q

Microwaves have _______ wavelengths and ________ frequencies than radio waves on the EM spectrum.

A

Shorter; shorter

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17
Q

What are two important technologies that use microwaves?

A

Radar and cell phones

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18
Q

How does radar work?

A

By transmitting microwaves, and receiving reflections of the waves from objects the waves strike, converting these patterns into images on the screen.

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19
Q

How do cell phones work?

A

Each cell phone has a center tower and sends and receive microwave signals.

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20
Q

What is the part of the EM spectrum that humans can see called?

A

Visible light

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21
Q

Is this visible light a big or small part of the EM spectrum.

A

Big

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22
Q

What are the colors in visible light?

A

ROYGBIV

23
Q

Why is infrared radiation associated with?

A

Heat

24
Q

Name 2 examples where infrared light is used.

A

Cook and keep food warm

25
Q

Because UV light has higher frequencies it has more ________.

A

Energy

26
Q

What can uv waves do to humans? How can we prevent it?

A

Damage skin and eyes. We can prevent it by using sum screen and uv protection sunglasses.

27
Q

What are good uses of uv light?

A

Sterilize medical equipment and food

28
Q

X rays and gamma rays have _______ wavelengths and ________ frequencies.

A

Very high;very high

29
Q

How are these rays produced?

A

Mostly by the sun.

30
Q

What are two uses of x-rays?

A

See/take pictures of bones and find dense tumors

31
Q

What is a good use for gamma rays?

A

Find/ kill cancer and fight tumors.

32
Q

Where does light come from?

A

Mostly the sun

33
Q

What is incandescence?

A

The production of light using extremely hot materials.

34
Q

What is luminescence?

A

The production of light without the high temperatures needed for incandescence.

35
Q

What is bioluminescence?

A

The production of light by living organisms.

36
Q

What is a tungsten filament?

A

A thin wire

37
Q

How des an incandescent light bulb work?

A

A electrical current passes though a tungsten filament and begins to get hotter and starts to glow.

38
Q

Is incandescent light bulb efficient?

A

No because it wastes a lot of energy and gives it up as heat.

39
Q

How does a halogen bulb work?

A

A mixture of mercury vapors ad other gases that give off ultraviolet light when an electric current passes thought them. The phosphor in the bulb absorbs ultraviolet light into visible light

40
Q

What is transmission?

A

The passage of EM waves though a medium.

41
Q

What is absorption?

A

The disappearance of EM waves into a medium.

42
Q

Transparent

A

Allows most o the light to pass though

43
Q

Translucent

A

Allows some light but they also spread out in all directions.

44
Q

Opaque

A

Do not allow any light to pass though because they reflect light, absorb light, or both.

45
Q

What is scattering?

A

The spreading out of light in all directions, because particles reflect and absorb.

46
Q

Why is the sky blue?

A

Because of scattering.

47
Q

What happens when light is polarized?

A

It reduces glare and makes it easer to see objects.

48
Q

How is color detirmined?

A

Wavelengths

49
Q

What does a prism do?

A

It uses refraction to spread out in different wavelengths that make up white light.

50
Q

What are the primary colors of light?

A

Red green blue

51
Q

Where are primary colors helpful?

A

Television broadcast

52
Q

What are primary pigments?

A

Cyan, magenta, yellow

53
Q

What’re the primary pigments used for ?

A

To make other colors and primary colors

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