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Physics LV > ElectroMagnegnetic Waves > Flashcards

ElectroMagnegnetic Waves Flashcards

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1
Q

Recite the electromagnetic spectrum in order of decreasing wavelength

A

Radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, x rays and gamma rays

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2
Q

What type of wave has the lowest frequency and energy, but largest wavelength

A

Radio waves

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3
Q

What is the wave speed equation

A

Wavelength (m) = speed (m/s) / frequency (Hz)

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4
Q

What do electromagnetic waves form

A

A continuous spectrum

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5
Q

All types of electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed through……..

A

A vacuum (space)

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6
Q

What is the range of the wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum?

A

From 10 (-15) to 10 (4) metres

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7
Q

…….. Contains all the colours of the visible spectrum

A

White light contains all the colours of the physical spectrum

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8
Q

What do we use infrared radiation for

A

Carrying signals from remote handsets and inside optical fibres

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9
Q

What do we use microwaves for

A

Carrying satellite TV programmes and mobile phone calls

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10
Q

What do we use radio waves for

A

Radio and TV broadcasting, radio communications and mobile phone calls

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11
Q

What are the hazards of micro waves and radio waves

A

They can heat the internal parts of our bodies

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12
Q

What is a danger with infrared radiation

A

Infrared radiation can cause skin burns

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13
Q

Radio waves of different frequencies are used for different purposes because wavelength (and therefore frequency) of waves effect:

A

How far they can travel
How much they can spread
How much information they can carry

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14
Q

Are mobile phones safe to use?

A

Further research is needed to evaluate this

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15
Q

What are optical fibres

A

Optical fibres are very thin transparent fibres that are used to transmit signals by light and infrared radiation

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16
Q

Ultraviolet radiation has a …………. Wavelength than visible light

A

Ultraviolet radiation has a shorter wavelength than visible light

17
Q

What does ultraviolet radiation harm

A

The skin and the eyes

18
Q

What are x rays used for

A

To make x Ray images in hospitals

19
Q

What are gamma rays used for

A

To kill harmful bacteria in food, to sterilise surgical equipment and to kill cancer cells

20
Q

What and when do x rays and gamma rays damage

A

X rays and gamma rays damage living tissue when they pass through it

21
Q

What are x rays used for in hospitals

A

To make images and CT scans

To destroy tumours at or near the body surface

22
Q

X rays are absorbed more by……..than by……..

A

X rays are absorbed more by bones and teeth than by soft tissue

23
Q

What do CT scans distinguish between

A

Different types of soft tissue as well as between bone (or teeth) and soft tissue

24
Q

What is the frequency range of the normal human ear

A

From about 20Hz to 20,000Hz

25
Q

What are sound waves

A

Sound waves are vibrations that travel through a medium (or substance). They cannot travel through a vacuum (outer space)

26
Q

What are echoes caused by

A

Echoes are caused by sound waves reflected from a smooth, hard surface

27
Q

The pitch of a note increases if the ………… Increases

A

The pitch of a note increases of the frequency of the sound waves increases

28
Q

What increases the loudness of a sound

A

Increasing the amplitude of the sound wave

29
Q

What produces sound waves

A

Vibrations created in a musical instrument when it is played produce sound waves

30
Q

What are ultrasound waves

A

Ultrasound waves are the sound waves of frequency above 20,000Hz

31
Q

What are ultrasound waves used for in medicine

A

Ultrasound scanning and destroying kidney stones

32
Q

When are ultrasound waves partly reflected

A

At a boundary between two different types of body tissue

33
Q

Why is an ultrasound scan safer than an x Ray

A

An ultrasound scan is non ionising, so it is safer than an X-ray

Physics LV (11 decks)

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