electrolytes Flashcards
these help determine proper fluid therapy
electrolyte tests
this helps with carbohydrate metabolism and energy storage
inorganic phosphorus
EDTA binds with this
calcium
this activates enzyme systems
magnesium
these (2) play major roles in water distribution and maintenance of osmotic pressure (i.e. cells)
sodium and chloride
this must be a serum test
calcium
blood cells = (organic or inorganic?)
- which electrolyte does this deal with?
organic
- inorganic phosphorus
this helps with neuromuscular excitability and tone
calcium
this helps with urine pH regulation
sodium
this helps with muscular function, respiration, and cardiac function
potassium
this is related to sodium bicarbonate
chloride
this is important to ACH - electrical impulse transfer from synapse to synapse (neuromuscular function)
magnesium (which activates enzyme systems)
decreased what can cause muscle tetany?
calcium
plasma/serum = (organic or inorganic?)
inorganic
this is a buffer system - it aids in CO2 transport and pH balance
bicarbonate
acidosis results from (hypo/hyper)kalemia
acidosis = hypERkalemia - too much K makes acidic
the kidney regulates these levels by excreting the excess
bicarbonate
this can be due to increased acids from diabetic acidosis or waste products OR loss of bicarbonate (resulting from renal disease)
acidosis
calcium levels are related to what levels?
phosphorus
increased calcium = (inc/dec) phosphorus
decreased phosphorus
as hydrogen ions increase, pH (inc/dec)
pH decreased - more H = more acidic
alkalosis results from (hypo/hyper)kalemia
hypOkalemia
this is increased with cellular necrosis
potassium - cells release theirs and it accumulates
and IMBALANCE of calcium and ____ can cause muscle tetany
magnesium
this can be caused by excess fluid loss (vomiting/diarrhea)
hypokalemia/alkalosis
these 2 animals are the only ones to show clinical signs of muscle tetany resulting from calcium and magnesium imbalance
cows and sheep
