Electrolytes

Question 1

Source of error for sodium

Answer 1

electrolyte exclusion effect

Question 2

Source of error for potassium

Answer 2

Hemolysis
fist clenching
excersice

Question 3

Source of error for chloride

Answer 3

halides

Question 4

Source of error for bicarb and co2

Answer 4

atm decrease CO2

Question 5

Source of error for calcium

Answer 5

HIL

Question 6

Source of error for phosphorus

Answer 6

HIL

EDTA, citrate, oxalate

Question 7

Source of error for magnesium

Answer 7

HIL

EDTA, citrate, oxalate

Question 8

false increase of sodium

Answer 8

alodsteronism (Conn)

cushings

Question 9

false increase of potassium

Answer 9

acidosis
addisons
hypoaldosteronism

Question 10

false increase of chloride

Answer 10

resp alk

Question 11

false increase of bicarb

Answer 11

met alk

Question 12

false increase of CO2

Answer 12

resp acid

Question 13

false increase of calcium

Answer 13

cancer

hyperparathyroidsim

Question 14

false increase of phosphorus

Answer 14

hypoparathyroidsm

acromegaly

Question 15

false increase of magnesium

Answer 15

renal failure

Question 16

false decrease of sodium

Answer 16

high osm = urea

low osm = liver, kidney, heart disease

Question 17

false decrease of potassium

Answer 17

insulin therapy

Question 18

false decrease of chloride

Answer 18

high osm = urea

low osm = liver, kidney, heart disease

same as sodium

Question 19

false decrease of bicarb

Answer 19

metabolic acid

Question 20

false decrease of co2

Answer 20

resp alk

Question 21

false decrease of calcium

Answer 21

hypoalbuminemia

Question 22

false decrease of phosphorus

Answer 22

resp alk

fanconi and rickets

Question 23

false decrease of magnesium

Answer 23

diabetes

alcoholism

Question 24

clinical significance of ammonia

Answer 24

liver and kidney diease

Question 25

clinical significance of urea

Answer 25

bad indicator for renal

Question 26

clinical significance of uric acid

Answer 26

chronic renal failure

Question 27

clinical significance of creatinine

Answer 27

GFR of kidney

Question 28

clinical significance of ALP

Answer 28

bone growth

Question 29

clinical significance of LD

Answer 29

non specific

Question 30

clinical significance of ALT

Answer 30

liver issues

Question 31

clinical significance of GGT

Answer 31

hepatobillary disease- obstruction

Question 32

clinical significance of creatinine kinase

Answer 32

muscle and heart disease

Question 33

clinical significance of amylase

Answer 33

appenidicitsi, inflammation

Question 34

clinical significance of lipase

Answer 34

diagnose pancreatitis

Question 35

clinical significance of hCG

Answer 35

pregnancy and tumors

Question 36

what tube and preperation needed to collect ammonia

Answer 36

heparin or EDTA on ice

Question 37

interferences for ammonia

Answer 37

Hemolysis
smoking/drinking
fist clenching

all increase

Question 38

interferences for urea

Answer 38

hemolysis
Sodium fluoride
ammonia

Question 39

interferences for uric acid

Answer 39

HIL

Question 40

interferences for creatinine

Answer 40

HIL

KETONES

Question 41

interferences for GGT

Answer 41

CANNOT use grey top (sodium flurodie/ potassium oxalate)

Question 42

interferences for amylase

Answer 42

triglycerides

Question 43

interferences for Lipase

Answer 43

HIL

Question 44

interferences for bilirubin

Answer 44

Hemolysis
lipemia
LIGHT

Question 45

interferences for triglycerides

Answer 45

hemolysis
bili
VITAMIN C

Question 46

clinical significance of troponin

Answer 46

used to test during myocardial infraction

Question 47

clinical significane of BNP

Answer 47

best used to test heart failure