Electrolytes

Question 1

The most important determinant of renal sodoum excression

Answer 1

Volume status of the child

Question 2

The principal determinant of extracellular osmolality

Answer 2

Sodium

Question 3

Most devastating consequemce of hypernatremia

Answer 3

Brain hemorrhage

Question 4

Lowering sodium concentration rapidly may cause this:

Answer 4

Brain swelling

Question 5

The first priority is restoring intravascular volume in patients with hypernatremic dehydration, which fluid will you use?

Answer 5

Normal saline solution

Question 6

Major manifestation of hyponatremia

Answer 6

Brain swelling

Question 7

Rapid correction of hyponatremia causes this condition

Answer 7

Central pontine myelinosis (CPM)

Question 8

Principal hormone regulating potassium secretion

Answer 8

Aldosterone

Question 9

ECG findings have peaked T waves woth ST segment depression, increased PR interval, flattening of p-wave and widening of QRS complex

Answer 9

Hyperkalemia

Question 10

ECG findings have peaked T waves woth ST segment depression, increased PR interval, flattening of p-wave and widening of QRS complex

Answer 10

Hyperkalemia

Question 11

ECG changes include:
Flattened T wave, depressed ST segment, appearance of U wave

Answer 11

Hypokalemia

Question 12

Common etiology for Metabolic Acidosis

Answer 12

Diarrhea

Question 13

Common etiology for Metabolic Acidosis

Answer 13

Diarrhea

Question 14

Most commonly causes metabolic alkalosis

Answer 14

Emesis or Diuretic Use

Question 15

Caused by ineffective removal of CO2 by the lungs

Answer 15

Respiratory Acidosis