Electrolytes

Question 1

Sodium (Na+)

Answer 1

Reduction: Cramps, weakness, confusion

Elevation: hypertension, fluid retention/swelling

Question 2

Potassium (K+)

Answer 2

Reduction: Flattened Twave, arrhythmia, muscle weakness

Elevations: Peaked Twaves, shortened Q-Twave interval

Question 3

Calcium (Ca2+)

Answer 3

Reduction: parasthesias (abnormal tingling), muscle spasms, seizure, QT interval prolongations

Elevation: bradycardia, AV block, short QT interval, coma

Question 4

Magnesium

Answer 4

Reduction: prolonged PR/QT intervals, Twave flattening or inversion, SVT, ventricular arrhythmia

Elevation: weakness, respiratory failure, coma, paralysis, respiratory failure

Question 5

Chloride (Cl-)

Answer 5

Reduction:

Elevation: metabolic acidosis