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Patho > Electrolyte Imbalance > Flashcards

Electrolyte Imbalance Flashcards

1
Q

Most abundant extracellular fluid cation

A

Sodium

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2
Q

Inverse relationship to potassium

A

Sodium

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3
Q

Functions of sodium

A

Most abundant extracellular fluid cation.

Assists in acid-based balance and fluid balance
Inverse relationship to potassium
Assists in maintenance of stable BP
Assists in the function of the nervous system.

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4
Q

Hyponatremia

A

Low sodium

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5
Q

Hypernatremia

A

High sodium

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6
Q

Foods high in sodium

A

Soups, canned food, processed foods, pizza, ham, bacon, sausage, cheese, cold cuts, cottage cheese, veg juice, dressing

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7
Q

Major intracellular fluid cation (2nd most abundant cation in body).

A

Potassium

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8
Q

Inverse relationship to sodium

A

Potassium

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9
Q

Potassium functions

A

Assists in regulation of muscle contractions, fluid balance, and
BP.
Assists in maintenance of stable BP
Assists in nerve impulses

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10
Q

Foods High in Potassium

A

Banana, avocado, spinach, baked potato, sweet potato, beans, lentils

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11
Q

Regulated by PTH and calcitonin

A

Calcium

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12
Q

Inverse relationship to phosphorus

A

Calcium

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13
Q

Where is calcium stored?

A

Bones

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14
Q

Where is calcium excreted?

A

Renal system

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15
Q

Calcium functions

A

Necessary for muscles contraction, essential for normal functioning of many enzymes, hormones, blood clotting, normal heart rhythm.

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16
Q

Foods high in calcium

A

Dairy foods, green leafy vegetables, seeds, sardines, canned salmon, beans, lentils, almonds, fortified cereal

17
Q

Second most prevalent ICF cation

A

Magnesium

18
Q

Functions of magnesium

A

Assists in regulation of muscle contraction and nerve function.
Essential for ATP generation and calcium transport

19
Q

Inverse relationship to phosphorus

A

Magnesium

20
Q

Phosphorus is located

A

85% in bones

21
Q

Phosphorus functions

A

Necessary for bone formation and ATP formation.
Important for cellular function.

22
Q

Foods high in magnesium

A

Dark chocolate, almonds, cashews, salmon, spinach, avocado, pumpkin seeds, legumes, tofu

23
Q

Foods high in phosphorus

A

Milk, cheese, chocolate, egg yolks, fish, beef, chicken, organ meats, nuts, beans, lentils, colas (drinks with phosphate additives)

24
Q

Sodium levels

A

135-145

25
Q

Potassium levels (K+)

A

3.5-5.0

26
Q

Calcium (Ca+) levels

A

8.5-10.5

27
Q

Magnesium (Mg+) levels

A

1.8-3.0

28
Q

pH levels

A

7.35-7.45

29
Q

CO2 levels

A

35-45

30
Q

Bicarbonate (HCO3) Levels

A

22-26

31
Q

What is the function of body fluids?

A

Transportation
Help generate electrical activity
Maintain body functions

32
Q

The accumulation of fluid in extracellular space

A

Edema

33
Q

Types of edema

A

Pitting
Non-pitting
Brawny

Patho (2 decks)

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