Electrochemistry

Question 1

Electrochemistry

Answer 1

The study of ions in solution and applications thereof.

Question 2

Chemical potential of solute

Answer 2

μB = μ⊖B + RTlnaB

Question 3

Raoult’s law

Answer 3

States that the vapour pressure of a solvent in a solution decreases as more solute is added. The partial pressure of each component in an ideal solution is equal to the mole fraction of the component x the pure vapour pressure of the component

Question 4

Raoult’s law mathematically

Answer 4

P A = X A ⋅P A0

Question 5

Henry’s law

Answer 5

The amount of gas dissolved in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid.

Question 6

Henry’s law mathematically

Answer 6

C = kH⋅P
Where C is concentration of gas in liquid, kH is Henry’s law constan and P is partial pressure of the gas

Question 7

Chemical potential of a solute equation

Answer 7

μB = μ⊖B + RTlnχB

Question 8

Conclusions drawn from chemical potential equation

Answer 8

• The chemical potential of a solute is related to its mole fraction.
• If the solution is ideal then KB = p*B (Kb is an empirical constant and the * refers to the pure solute)
• Therefore μ⊖B = μ*B

Question 9

Deviations from ideal behaviour

Answer 9

• aB = γB χB
  (activity coefficient γB)
• μB = μ⊖B + RTlnaB

Question 10

Activity coefficient γB

Answer 10

A factor used to account for deviations in ideal behaviour, quantifies how much a solution deviates from an ideal solution.

Question 11

Reference state

Answer 11

Refers to a standard condition or a baseline that is used to compare the electrical properties of different substances (such as potential, concentration, or charge) in a system.

Question 12

Molality

Answer 12

In an example solute B, the molality is the number of moles of B / the mass of solvent A (kg)
bB = nB/mA

Question 13

Standard molality

Answer 13

1 molkg-1