Electrocardiography Flashcards

1
Q

What does the p wave of an ECG represent?

A

The conduction of current down atria and internodal pathways

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2
Q

What does the QRS complex of an ECG represent?

A

Rapid conduction through the left and right bundles -> purkinje fibres -> ventricular contraction

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3
Q

What does the T wave on the ECG represent?

A

The cardiac muscle relaxing and membrane potential recover/repolarises

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4
Q

What is meant by axis deviation?

A

Change in heart position or change in the position of electrical condition through the heart

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5
Q

What is the name of the triangle which the ECG leads are placed in on the heart?

A

Einthovens triangle

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6
Q

Why is lead II the most accurate for following an ECG trace?

A

Most accurate as lead two measures the conduction through the heart at an angle of 60 degrees, which is the direction of the current from the SA node to the bundle of his and purkinje fibres

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7
Q

What pattern will be seen on an ECG if a patient has atrial fibrillation?

A

Loss of p wave

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8
Q

What pattern is seen on the ECG if a patient presents with atrial flutter?

A

Saw tooth pattern

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9
Q

What part of the ECG does a conduction block affect?

A

The PR interval

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10
Q

What happens to the PR interval when a patient has a conduction block?

A

Conduction block causes the PR interval to be increased significantly

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11
Q

How do you calculate the heart rate from an ECG?

A

300/number of large squares between the top of the QRS complexes

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12
Q

How to calculate from an ECG how long the PR interval is?

A

5 x number of small squares

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13
Q

How to calculate from an ECG how long the QRS interval is?

A

2.5 x the number of small squares

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14
Q

What is the angle of the heart for Right Axis Deviation?

A

Between 90 and 180

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15
Q

What angle is the heart at for Left Axis Deviation to occur at?

A

Between 0 and -90

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