ElectroCardiogram

Question 1

Resting state, myocytes are POLARIZED, the inferior wall of every cell ________-ly charged.

Answer 1

NEGATIVE

Question 2

Depolarized stimulates the heart myocytes, they become POSITVE and
_______.

Answer 2

CONTRACT

Question 3

Phase when cell inferiors become positive

Answer 3

DEPOLARIZATION

Question 4

Phase when cell interiors return to back to NEGATIVE

Answer 4

REPOLARIZATION

Question 5

Refers to a positive electrode actively recording a patient’s EKG

Answer 5

Positive

Question 6

Hearts dominant pacemaker

Answer 6

SA NODE (SINUS NODE)
Sinus rhythm

Question 7

The ability of the SA NODE to generate pacemaking stimuli known as?

Answer 7

Automaticity

Question 8

Wave on ECG recorded for atrial depolarization

Question 9

Valves prevent ventricle to atrium blood back-flow and they electrically insulate the ventricles from the atria.

Answer 9

ATRIO-VENTRICULAR (AV) valves

Question 10

Right side of the heart recieves under oxygenated VEVOUS blood from all over the body, and pumps it into the____?

Answer 10

LUNGS

Question 11

The RV contracts, forcing the under-oxygenated venous blood through the pulmonary valve into the PULMONARY ___

Answer 11

ARTERY

Question 12

LA contracts, forcing OXYGENATED blood through ____valve into the left ventricle.

Answer 12

MITRAL

Question 13

muscular left ventricle contracts, forcing oxygenated blood through the ____into the aorta?

Answer 13

AORTIC VALVE

Question 14

on EKG, Depolarization of the entire ventricular myocardium produces?

Answer 14

QRS complex

Question 15

Wave is the first downward deflexion of the QRS complex

Answer 15

Q wave

Question 16

Repolarization is accomplish by __ions leaving the myocytes

Answer 16

Potassium — K+

Question 17

QT interval represents the duration of ventricular___ and is measured from the beginning of the QRS until the end of the T T wave.

Answer 17

SYSTOLE

Question 18

Amount of time represented by the distance between TWO HEAVY BALCK LINES is

Answer 18

0.2 of a second

Question 19

How many seconds, Each small divisions ( measured horizontally between fine lines) represents?

Answer 19

0.04 of a second

Question 20

Four of the small squares represents___ of a second?

Answer 20

0.16

Question 21

Hormones secretes by the terminal ends of SYMPATHETIC nerves that activates the ADRENERGIC receptors

Answer 21

Nor-epinephrine

Question 22

Neurotransmitter secrete by the terminal PARASYMPATHETIC nerve ends, that activates cell RECEPTORS called CHOLINERGIC receptors.

Answer 22

ACRTYLCHOLINE

Question 23

Receptors activates the heart in sympathetic system

Answer 23

Heart B1

Question 24

Cardiac excitatory effects
( Sympathetic system)

Answer 24

Increase of SA Node pacing
Increase rate of conduction
Increase force of contraction
Irritability of FOCI

Question 25

Receptors activates by Parasympathetoc system

Answer 25

CHOLINERGIC SYSTEM

Question 26

Cardiac Inhibitory effects

Answer 26

Decrease all

Question 27

Effects of VAGAL MANUEVERS

Answer 27

Parasympathetic reflex —inhibits focus ( atrial or AV junctiona) SVT convert to Sinus Rhythm Inhibits AV node Diagnostic aid •With 2:1 AV block • with atrial flutter

Question 28

Type of hypotension secondary to abrupt fall in blood pressure caused by failure of these compensatory sympathetic mechanisms.

Answer 28

ORTHOSTATIC

Question 29

Receptors are cardiovascular sensors That the body uses to detect changes in BP

Answer 29

BARORECEPTORS

Question 30

Impaired parasympathetic reflex in elderly due to inadequate peripheral vasoconstriction.

Answer 30

Neurocardiogenic syncope

Question 31

Location of SA NODE

Answer 31

upper-posterior wall of RIGHT Atrium

Question 32

Focal areas of Automaticity in the heart?

Answer 32

Automaticity foci Potential pacemaker that are capable of pacing in the emergency situations

Question 33

Node where the tail of the VECTOR

Answer 33

AV node

Question 34

biphasic P wave seen on ECG

Answer 34

Atrial enlargement

Question 35

P wave interval msec?

Answer 35

< 120 msecs

Question 36

PR interval normal interval

Answer 36

< 200 msec

Question 37

QRS duration normal interval?

Answer 37

< 110-120 msecs

Question 38

Receptors activated by sympathetic system?

Answer 38

Adrenergic receptors Cardiac B1

Question 39

Receptor activates by Parasympathetic system

Answer 39

CHOLINERGIC

Question 40

Neurotransmitter release by Parasympathetic nerves?

Answer 40

Acetylcholine (ACh) Inhibitory

Question 41

Neurotransmitter release by sympathetic system?

Answer 41

Norepinephrine Activates the Heart B1 Stimulates the SA node