Electricity Unit Exam

Question 1

Define Static Charge

Answer 1

-Happens when two objects rub together and transfer electrons.
- A stationary electric charge that is produced by friction and can cause sparks, cracking and attraction to dust and hair

Question 2

Define Friction

Answer 2

• The rubbing together objects creating static charge

Question 3

Define Grounding

Answer 3

• When there is a path for electrons to go to, or from a charged object
• Happens when a charged object is touched by a conductor that is touching the ground
• Negatively charged objects the extra electrons moves into the ground
• Positively charged objects electrons are drawn up into the object.

Question 4

Define Galvanometer

Answer 4

• A device that measures small amounts of current

Question 5

Define Current

Answer 5

• The amount of charge that passes through a point in the circuit
• Measured using amperes (A) and the variable (I)

Question 6

Define Resistor

Answer 6

• Used to convert electrical energy to other forms of energy
• Called resistors because they are designed to limit the flow of electricity
• Although, too high of a resistance can stop the circuit from working
• Measured in Ohms

Question 7

Define Charge by Induction

Answer 7

• Bringing two objects (one charge, one neutral) close together without touching
• This causes temporary charge in the neutral object
• If it is grounded, the charge will stay with the opposite charge

Question 8

Define Insulators

Answer 8

• Materials that are poor conductors
• The electrons are two attracted to the nucleus, causing them not to move very much
• Examples: rubber, plastic, wood

Question 9

Define Ammeter

Answer 9

• A device that measures current
• Needs to be connected in series, so the current can flow through the circuit

Question 10

Define Conduction

Answer 10

• Materials and electrons can easily move through
• Examples: copper, aluminum
• Charges can only build up if it is on top of an insulator because there’s nowhere for it to go

Question 11

Define Circuit

Answer 11

• It must contain an energy source, a conductor, and a load
• Without a load, it’s a short circuit
• Parts: battery, wires, switches, resistors, and more

Question 12

Define Electron Affinity

Answer 12

• Tell us how strong the substance can hold electrons
• High electron affinity will steal electrons from lower electron affinity

Question 13

Define Electroscope

Answer 13

• An instrument that detect static charge
• Helps determine what charge it is

Question 14

Define Parallel Circuit

Answer 14

• When more than one load is connected separately
• Different path to each load
• If one disconnects, electricity will be continue to

Question 15

Define Charged by Contact

Answer 15

• Also known as charged by conduction
• The transferring of electrons by touching charged objects to a neutral object

Question 16

Define a Simple Circuit

Answer 16

Contains only the necessary items for a functioning circuit
A power source/voltage (battery), a conductive path(wires), and a load(light bulb)

Question 17

What are the possible interactions of charges?

Answer 17

-Opposite charges (+ and -)
-Like charges repel (+ and + or - and -)
-All charged items repel neutral items

Question 18

What is the role of friction in a charged object?

Answer 18

By rubbing two objects together, friction occurs. When friction occurs, electrons can transfer between the two items can be charged.

Question 19

What are two examples of insulators and conductors?

Answer 19

Insulators: rubber, plastic, wood
Conductors: copper, aluminum

Question 20

What are the definitions of an open circuit, closed circuit, and a short circuit?

Answer 20

Open circuit: when a switch is off/open, and there is no power going through the circuit
Close circuit: when I switch is on/closed, and there is power/electricity going to the circuit
Short circuit: when there is nothing for the battery/voltage to power, and the electricity goes straight through the circuit

Question 21

Name two nonrenewable resources, and their advantage and disadvantages

Answer 21

• Coal, nuclear
• Cheap/affordable
• Bad for the environment
• Can run out if you use it to much

Question 22

Name two renewable resources, and their advantage and disadvantages

Answer 22

• Solar, wind, water
• Expensive to invest in
• Better for the environment
• Won’t run out

Question 23

How can choosing to use more efficient appliances benefit the environment?

Answer 23

• It uses less power, resulting in the use of less resources