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science 6 > Electricity : Chapter 1 - Sections 1 & 2 : Vocab > Flashcards

Electricity : Chapter 1 - Sections 1 & 2 : Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

What does the law of electric charge state?

A

The law of electric charge states that charges repel (push away) and opposite charges attract.

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2
Q

What is electric force?

A

The force between charged objects.

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3
Q

What is the electric field?

A

The region around a charged object in which the electric force is exerted on another charged object.

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4
Q

How does charge by friction occur?

A

When electrons are “wiped” from one object to another.

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5
Q

How does charge by conduction occur?

A

When electrons move from one object to another by direct contact.

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6
Q

How does charge by induction occur?

A

When charges in an uncharged metal object are rearranged without direct contact with a charged object.

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7
Q

What is an electroscope, and how does an electroscope work?

A

An electroscope is a glass flask that has a metal rod in it’s rubber stopper; two metal leaves attached to the bottom of the rod. When electroscope is not charged, leaves hang straight down, when electroscope is charged, leaves repel each other (spread apart).

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8
Q

What is an electrical conductor?

A

An electrical conductor is material in which charges can move easily.

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9
Q

Why are most metals good conductors?

A

Because some of their electrons are free to move.

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10
Q

What is an insulator?

A

An electrical insulator is a material in which charges cannot move easily.

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11
Q

Why don’t insulators conduct charges well?

A

Because their electrons cannot flow freely.

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12
Q

What is static electricity?

A

Static electricity is the electric charge at rest on an object.

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13
Q

What is electric discharge?

A

The loss of electricity as charges move off of an object.

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14
Q

What is electrical energy?

A

Electrical energy is the energy of electric charges.

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15
Q

What is the electric current?

A

The electric current is the rate at which charges pass a given point.

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16
Q

What are the two kinds of current?

A

Alternating and direct current.

17
Q

What is AC?

A

Alternating current. In AC, charges continually shift from flowing in one direction to flowing in the reverse direction.

18
Q

What is DC?

A

Direct current. In DC, charges always flow in same direction.

19
Q

Which type of current gives energy to camera batteries?

A

DC.

20
Q

Which type of current gives energy to outlets?

A

AC.

21
Q

What is voltage?

A

Voltage is the potential difference between two points (measured in volts).

22
Q

What is resistance?

A

Resistance is the opposition presented to the current by a material or device.

23
Q

What four things does an object’s resistance depend on?

A

An object’s resistance depends on it’s material, thickness, length and temperature.

24
Q

True or False : Good conductors (like copper) have low resistance.

A

True.

25
Q

True or False : Poor conductors (like iron) have high resistance.

A

True.

26
Q

What are superconductors?

A

Superconductors are materials in which there is very little heat and no resistance.

27
Q

How many cells are batteries made up of?

A

One or more.

28
Q

What does a cell contain?

A

A cell contains a mixture of chemicals called electrolytes (allows chemicals to flow).

29
Q

What is an electrode?

A

The electrode is the part of a cell through which charges enter or exit.

30
Q

What are the two kinds of cells?

A

Dry cells and wet cells.

31
Q

What are dry cells?

A

Dry cells have solid or paste-like electrolytes (used in small radios).

32
Q

What are wet cells?

A

Wet cells have liquid electrolytes (used in a car battery) .

33
Q

What are thermocouples?

A

A device that converts thermal energy into electrical energy.

34
Q

What are photocells?

A

A device that converts light energy into electrical energy.

science 6 (5 decks)

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