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Physics P2 > Electricity And Forces > Flashcards

Electricity And Forces Flashcards

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1
Q

How does static electricity build up?

A

When charges are not free to move many of them build up, this results in a large charge when the charges finally move it causes a spark

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2
Q

What are the masses and charges of sub atomic particles

A

Proton + and 1 mass
Neutron no charge and 1 mass
Electron 1/2000 mass and negative charge

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3
Q

How does static build?

A

When two insulating materials are rubbed together electrons will be scraped off one and dumped on the other giving the one with dumped electrons a negative charge and the other positive

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4
Q

When electrons move from a duster to a polythene rod what charges to both take

A

The polythene rod becomes negative

The duster becomes positive

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5
Q

Common places static electricity is found

A

When synthetic clothes are dragged over each other like in a tumble dryer electrons are scraped off leaving static charges on both.
Car seats can rub against your clothes creating static you can get a shock when touching the metal handle.

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6
Q

Why does a static balloon stick

A

The negative balloon repeals the negative electrons on the wall leaving only positive charge which attracts therefore it sticks

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7
Q

Describe uses of static electricity

A

Spray paint gives the paint a static charge. When it sprays the negative charges push the paint away creating an even coat and the paint is also attracted to the object as it is given the opposite charge.

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8
Q

How do you stop static charges.

A

Use a conductor to ground the charge.

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9
Q

What is current

A

The rate of flow of charge

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10
Q

Why are metals good conductors

A

Because they have free electrons which can carry charge

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11
Q

How to calculate charge

A

Charge is current x time

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12
Q

What is voltage

A

It is the driving force that pushes the current round it can be though of as electrical pressure

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13
Q

What is resistance

A

Anything in the circuit which slows down the flow of charge measured in ohms

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14
Q

What is potential difference

A

It is the same as voltage

It is the energy transferred per unit of charge passed

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15
Q

What is 1 volt equal to

A

1 joule or coulomb

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16
Q

What happens at a junction in a parallel circuit

A

The current is split up depending on the resistance, but none is lost it is the conservation of energy

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17
Q

How to calculate potential difference or voltage

A

Current x resistance

18
Q

What is the relationship between resistance and voltage

A

The resistance is proportional to the voltage at a constant temperature

19
Q

What happens to a filament lamp as the temperature increases

A

The resistance also increases

20
Q

Describe a LDR in different types of light

A

In bright light the resistance falls
In dark light the resistance increases
In bright light to stand out a sign needs to be as bright as possible so the resistance must be low

21
Q

Describe a Temperature Dependant Resistor in different temperatures

A

In hot conditions the resistance drops

In cool conditions the resistance increases

22
Q

Why do resistors get hot under high energy transfer

A

Because the electrons collide with ions in the lattice as they move through, these collisions give the ions extra energy emitted as heat. The heat increases the resistors resistance if it becomes to hot no current will flow. It can cause components to melt, this is how fuses work they melt when the current or voltage becomes to high.

23
Q

What is electrical power

A

The rate at which an appliance transfers energy

It is calculated by potential difference x current

24
Q

What is the difference between a vector and scalar

A

Both are measurements but a vector has a direction, for example displacement or velocity

25
Q

How do you calculate time

A

Distance

26
Q

What is acceleration and give the unit

A

The rate at which the velocity is changing, is is useually measured in m/s squared

27
Q

What is the formula for acceleration

A

A x T

28
Q

In a distance time graph what is the gradient

A

Speed

29
Q

In a velocity time graph what is the gradient what do flat sections represent

A

Acceleration , a constant speed represented by flat sections

30
Q

How to calculate distance in a velocity time graph

A

The area under the graph

31
Q

How are forces shown

A

Through arrows, the larger the arrow the larger the force the direction of the arrow shows the direction of the force

32
Q

What will a car with a constant speed force arrows be like

A

They will be exactly the same as the forces either side are balanced so it is in equilibrium

33
Q

What is the force of gravity

A

9.81

34
Q

What is the difference between weight and mass

A

Weight is the gravitational pull caused by gravity on your mass.
Mass is the amount of stuff you are

35
Q

All objects in a vacuum do what

A

Fall at the same rate as there is no things to slow the items down such as air resistance and the pull of gravity is equal so they fall at the same rate

36
Q

What is terminal velocity

A

The point of which the force pulling something down is the same as the force of air resistance and others such as drag, this causes the speed to become constant and no acceleration to occur.

37
Q

What is a resultant force

A

The force that occurs which is in direct opposite to the force first acted I.e. Object A exerts a force on object then object ab exerts the exact opposite force on object A

38
Q

What happens when the resultant force is zero

A

The thing will continue doing as it did I.e continue at a constant velocity

39
Q

What happens if the resultant force acting on a body is not zero

A

They object will accelerate in the direction of the resultant force

40
Q

How do you calculate force

A

Mass time excels ration

41
Q

What type of current do cells and battery’s supply

A

Direct current

Physics P2 (2 decks)

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