electricity and circuits Flashcards
presence and flow of electric charges
electricity
electric potential per unit of charge and the capability of the charged particle to do work
electric potential
formula for volt
energy / charge
net amount of charge that passes through the wire’s full cross-section at any point per time
electric current
formula for amperes
coulombs / seconds
charges moving in the same direction
direct current
charges moving one way first, then the opposite after half a cycle
alternating current
measure of the opposition of the flow of the current
resistance (R)
SI unit of resistance
Ohm
4 factors of resistance
- length
- temperature
- material
- cross-sectional area
the property of the conductor due to which it offers resistance to the flow of current
resistivity (p)
formula for resistance
R= P length/area
an electrical component that limits or regulates the flow of electrical current
resistors
band 1 = 2
band 2 = 5
band 3 = x10^4
what is the value of the resistors
25 x 10 ^4
: 250,000 ohms
sigfig : 250 kiloohm
formula for current
I = V/R
formula for volt
V = IR
formula for resistance
R = V/I
the lower circulation than the entire amount of volt
voltage drop
rate at which electrical energy is converted to another form such as mechanical energy, sound, heat, etc
electric power
formula for power
P = energy transformed (QV) / time
SI unit for power
watt
formula for energy
power x time
any path along which currents and electrons can flow
- unbroken path of material that carries electricity
electric circuits
2 or more loads of resistors linked across a single loop of wire
series circuits
how to get total current (I total)
I1 +I2+ I3…
how to get total resistance
RT = R1 + R2 + R3…
different loads are situated on different loops
parallel circuits
