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Physics > Electricity > Flashcards

Electricity Flashcards

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1
Q

Potential difference

A

The pd across a device is equal to the work done per unit charge.

V = W/Q

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2
Q

Electromotive force (EMF)

A

The emf of a power supply is equal to the energy supplied per unit charge by the power supply.
E = W/Q

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3
Q

Work down by charge carriers

A

W= IVt

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4
Q

Electrical power equations

A

P = IV

P = I^2 R

P = V^2/ R

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5
Q

Ohm’s Law

A

Under constant physical conditions for an ohmic conductor current is proportional to voltage.

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6
Q

Ideal ammeter

A

0 resistance

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7
Q

Ideal voltmeter

A

Infinite resistance

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8
Q

Resistance

A

A measure of the difficulty of making a current pass through a substance.
It is caused by repeated collisions between the charge carriers and the positive ions of a substance.

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9
Q

Resistivity

A

Rho = RA/l

Units= ohm m

Material property

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10
Q

Superconductor

A

Has 0 resistance below a critical temperature. Below Tc when a current flows there is no pd because the resistance is 0 therefore the current has no heating effect.

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11
Q

Uses of superconductors

A
  • MRI scanners

- particle accelerators

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12
Q

Uses of diodes

A

Polarity protection

Rectification circuits

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13
Q

Pd in potential dividers

A

Vo R1 / (R1 + R2) = V1

V1/V2 = R1/R2

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14
Q

Series rules

A

I same everywhere

pds add up

resistances add up

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15
Q

Parallel rules

A

Is add up

Pd same everywhere

1/R = 1/R1 + 1/ R2 + …

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16
Q

Cells in series

A

Combined emf = nE

Combined internal resistance= nr

17
Q

Cells in parallel

A

Combined emf = E

Combined internal resistance = r/n

18
Q

Internal resistance and terminal pd equation

A

V = E - Ir

19
Q

Short circuit

A

Max current from supply

No external resistance ( only resistance in the circuit is the internal resistance)

Imax = E/r

20
Q

Open circuit

A

I = 0A
V = emf
Max terminal pd

21
Q

Power with internal resistance

A

Power is dissipated in internal resistor and in load resistor

Total power = I^2 R + I^2 r

Peak power when R=r

Physics (9 decks)

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