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N5 Physics (Belmont Academy) > Electricity > Flashcards

Electricity Flashcards

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1
Q

Electrical Current

A

The electric charge transferred per second.

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2
Q

Direct Current (d.c.)

A

The flow of current in one direction only.

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3
Q

Alternating Current (a.c.)

A

The back and forth flow of current.

Current changes direction every fraction of a second.

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4
Q

Electric Field

A

A force field that surrounds any electric charge.

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5
Q

Potential Difference (Voltage)

A

The energy supplied to each coulomb of charge that passes through a power supply.

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6
Q

Mains Voltage

A

The voltage supplied to any electrical device plugged into the mains.

In the UK, this is 230 V.

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7
Q

Resistance

A

The opposition to current flow.

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8
Q

Ohm’s Law

A

For a fixed temperature, the voltage across a conductor is directly proportional to the current passing through it.

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9
Q

Ohmic Conductor

A

A component that obeys Ohm’s law.

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10
Q

Non-Ohmic Conductor

A

A component that does not obey Ohm’s law.

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11
Q

Series Circuit

A

A circuit in which all components are connected one after the other and there is only one path for the current to flow.

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12
Q

Parallel Circuit

A

A circuit in which there is more than one path (branch) for the current to flow.

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13
Q

Cell

A

A component used to power a circuit.

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14
Q

Battery

A

A collection of two or more cells.

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15
Q

Bulb/Lamp

A

A component that converts electrical energy to light energy.

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16
Q

Switch

A

A component that allows a circuit to be turned on/off.

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17
Q

Resistor

A

A component that opposes the flow of current.

18
Q

Variable Resistor

A

A component that allows the flow of current in a circuit to be changed.

19
Q

Ammeter

A

A component used to measure the current in a circuit.

20
Q

Voltmeter

A

A device used to measure the voltage across a circuit component.

21
Q

Ohmmeter

A

A device used to measure the resistance of a circuit component.

22
Q

Motor

A

A component that converts electrical energy to mechanical energy.

23
Q

D.C. Supply

A

A component that produces a constant voltage.

24
Q

A.C. Supply

A

A component that produces an alternating voltage.

25
Q

Diode

A

A component that allows current to flow in one direction only.

26
Q

Capacitor

A

A component that stores charge and therefore electrical energy.

27
Q

Microphone

A

A component that converts sound energy to electrical energy.

28
Q

Loudspeaker

A

A component that converts electrical energy to sound energy.

29
Q

Thermocouple

A

A component that converts heat energy into electrical energy.

30
Q

Solar/Photovoltaic Cell

A

A component that converts light energy into electrical energy.

31
Q

Thermistor

A

A temperature-dependent resistor whose resistance varies with temperature.

32
Q

LDR

A

A light-dependent resistor whose resistance varies with light intensity.

33
Q

LED (Light Emitting Diode)

A

A type of diode that converts electrical energy to light energy.

34
Q

Potential Divider

A

An arrangement of two or more resistors in series where the voltage from the supply splits across each resistor.

35
Q

Transistor

A

A semiconductor device that can be used as an electronic switch.

36
Q

NPN Transistor

A

A type of transistor that will switch on when the voltage across it reaches 0.7 V.

37
Q

MOSFET

A

A type of transistor that will switch on when the voltage across it reaches 2.0 V.

38
Q

Time Delay Circuit

A

A circuit, involving a capacitor and switch, in which there is a delay between switching on and the device turning on.

39
Q

Relay Switch

A

A device consisting of an electromagnetic coil and switch that can be used to control a high voltage circuit using a safe low voltage circuit.

40
Q

Electrical Power

A

The electrical energy transferred per second.

41
Q

Fuse

A

A safety device containing a thin wire which will break (melt) when too large a current flows through it.

N5 Physics (Belmont Academy) (3 decks)

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