Electricity Flashcards by James Gillespie’s High School Mr Russell

Describe what would happen to a positive charge if it was placed in the field shown.

A positive charge would accelerate towards the negative plate.

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In the diagram shown, what type of charge does the particle have?

Explain your answer.

The particle has a negative charge.

The particle is negative because it is attracted to the positive plate.

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What is the name of this component?

Motor

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What is the name of this component?

Battery

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How could the air-conditioning circuit (shown) be changed so that it switches on at a different temperature?

To switch the circuit on at a different temperature, the variable resistor could be adjusted.

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What is the name of this component?

Variable resistor

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What does the prefix G stand for?

G stands for giga

giga = x 10⁹

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What unit is resistance measured in?

Resistance is measured in ohms.

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What unit is time measured in?

Time is measured in seconds (s).

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What unit is current measured in?

Current is measured in amperes (A).

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What is the name of this component?

Fuse

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What is the name of this component?

Lamp

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What is the energy change in a washing machine?

In a washing machine, the energy change is

electrical energy to heat and kinetic energy.

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The voltage of a supply is a measure of the ………………. given to the charges in a circuit.

The voltage of a supply is a measure of the ENERGY given to the charges in a circuit.

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What does the prefix µ stand for?

µ stands for micro

micro = x 10^-6

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What unit is voltage measured in?

Voltage is measured in volts (V).

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Round off this number to 3 significant figures.

3.14159

3.14159 rounded off to 3 significant figures is

3.14

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What is the name of this component?

Loudspeaker

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Round off this number to 3 significant figures.

6.22789

6.22789 rounded off to 3 significant figures is

6.23

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Round off this number to 3 significant figures.

1,526.33

1,526.33 rounded off to 3 significant figures is

1,530

(the ‘2’ has been rounded up to 3)

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What does the prefix n stand for?

n stands for nano

nano = x 10^-9

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Round off this number to 3 significant figures.

0.0025668

0.0025668 rounded off to 3 significant figures is

0.00257

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A hairdryer has an operating current of 6.5 amperes.

What value of fuse should be used in the plug of the hairdryer?

The fuse rating has to be higher than the operating current.

If the current is 6.5A, a 13A fuse should be used.

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What is the name of this component?

L.E.D. (light-emitting diode)

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How could the **air-conditioning** circuit (shown) be changed so that it performs the **opposite job**?

The circuit can be changed to perform the **opposite job** by **swapping the thermistor with the variable resistor**.

Which quantity is represented by the symbol **t**?

**t** = **time**

Which quantity is represented by the symbol **V**, in the equation shown ?

**voltage** | (or **potential difference**)

What **unit** is **power** measured in?

Power is measured in **watts** (**W**).

What does **d.c.** stand for and what does it mean?

**d.c.** stands for **direct current**, which means the **electrons flow in one direction only** (negative to positive).

What is the purpose of a **transistor**?

A **transistor** acts as an **electronic switch**. (it switches **on** above a certain voltage)

Describe how to use an **ammeter** to **measure the current** in a component.

An **ammeter** must be connected **in series** with a component.

How many pencils are there?

Will the **L.E.D.** in this circuit switch on? Explain your answer.

**No** - the L.E.D. will not switch on. The positive terminal of the L.E.D. is **not** connected to the positive terminal of the battery.

What is the name of this component?

**npn transistor**

How could the **resistance** of a component be found from this graph?

The **resistance** could be found by (a) calculating the **gradient** of the graph (b) choosing a point on the graph and calculating **voltage / current**

What **unit** is **energy** measured in?

Energy is measured in **joules** (**J**).

Which quantity is represented by the symbol **R**?

**R** = **resistance**

Name as many different types of **energy** as possible.

**Kinetic, potential, electrical, chemical, light, heat, sound, nuclear**

What is the definition of **current**?

**Current** is how much electrical charge flows (past a point) in one second.

Which quantity is represented by the symbol **P**, in the equation shown?

**P** = **power**

What **unit** is **charge** measured in?

Charge is measured in **coulombs** (**C**).

Will the **L.E.D.** in this circuit switch on? Explain your answer.

**Yes** - the L.E.D. will switch on. The positive terminal of the L.E.D. is connected to the positive terminal of the battery.

Describe what would happen to a **negative** **charge** if it was placed in the field shown.

A **negative charge** would **accelerate** towards the **positive** plate.

What is the name of this component?

**L.D.R. (light-dependent resistor)**

What does the prefix **k** stand for?

**k** stands for **kilo** **kilo = x 10³**

What is the name of this component?

**Cell**

Why does an **L.E.D.** always have a resistor connected in series with it?

An L.E.D. always has a resistor connected in series with it to **protect the L.E.D.** The resistor will **limit the current in the L.E.D.**

What is the definition of the term **power**?

**Power** is defined as **the amount of energy used per second**.

How many types of electric charge are there, and what are their names?

There are **two types** of **electric charge** - **positive** and **negative**

What effect does an **electric field** have on a **charge**?

An **electric field** causes a **charge** to **move**.

What does the prefix **M** stand for?

**M** stands for **mega** **mega = x 10⁶**

What is the value of **mains voltage** (in the UK)?

**Mains voltage** is **230V**.

What is the name of this component?

**Resistor**

What is the name of this component?

**MOSFET (transistor)**

Which quantity is represented by the symbol **Q**?

**Q** = **charge**

Which quantity is represented by the symbol **I**?

**I** = **current**

What is the name of this component?

**Capacitor**

What does the prefix **m** stand for?

**m** stands for **milli** **milli = x 10^-3**

What is the name of this component?

**Diode**

What does **a.c.** stand for, and what does it mean?

**a.c.** stands for **alternating current**, which means the **electrons change direction every fraction of a second**.

Describe how to use a **voltmeter** to **measure the voltage** across a component.

A **voltmeter** must be **connected in parallel** with a component.