Electricity Flashcards
Current is the measure…
of the amount of charge moving per second.
Current=
ΔQ/Δt
Electrons only…
drift in a random direction, so there is no net movement of charge.
When p.d. is applied across…
a conductor, a current is produced. This causes a movement of charge in one direction rather than a rapid flow.
Conventional current is…
historically from + to -
Electron flow is…
real flow from - to +
The electrical signal travels by…
electromagnetic waves, caused by the electrons.
A charge can be either…
positive or negative(ions).
Semiconductors:
- the number of charges changes with temperature
- as the temperature increases, it liberates electrons so the resistance is reduced
Series circuit:
- current is the same
- p.d. adds up
Parallel circuit:
- the current adds up
- p.d. is the same
Best conductors are:
copper, silver and gold.
Best conductors have many…
conduction electrons(delocalsied)
Number density is…
the number of conductive electrons per unit volume. (n)
Mean drift velocity is…
mean velocity of an electron (3mm/s)
Current(with number density)=
nAvq (number density x A x mean drift velocity x charge of a carrier)
A charge of electrons =
number of electrons x electron charge
A battery consists of…
many cells.
A potential difference is a measure…
of energy provided to the charge carriers.
V =
W(J) / Q(C)
P.d. between A and B is…
the energy per unit charge as the charge moves from A to B.
E.m.f. is…
electromotive force, which is the energy transferred by a source in driving unit charge around a complete circuit.
In a battery, chemical…
energy is transferred to electrical energy.
Resistance is a measure…
of the opposition, a material exerts against the flow of electrons.
