Electricity Flashcards
Static Electricity
If two like charges are brought together, what is the result?
They repel from each other
Static electricity
If charges of opposite signs are brought together, what is the result?
They attract because opposites attract
Each proton cares what type of charge?
Positive charge
Each electron carries what type of charge?
Negative charge
Negatively charged bodies have what?
More electrons that protons
Positive charged bodies have what?
Less electrons that protons
Static electricity
When two object of opposite charge come close together or touch, what is the result?
An electrostatic shock (sometimes accompanied by a spark, which shows hat energy has passed through the air and heated it, making it light up)
What are the three methods of charging?
- Friction
- Conduction
- Induction
Static electricity
What charges are the object before friction?
They do not have a charge they are neutral
Static electricity
During friction, when rubbing two objects together what occurs between those two object?
Rubbing causes charges (electrons) to transfer from one object to another, resulting in two objects of opposite charges.
Static electricity
What are the charges of the object before conduction?
You have one charged object (- or +) and one neutral object
Static electricity
During conduction, what are the charges of the two objects after they have been in contact with one another?
The two objects have the same charges (- & - or + & +)
Static electricity
Before induction partakes, what are the charges of the objects?
One charged object and one neutral object.
Static electricity
During induction, when the charged object is brought close the neutral object, what is the outcome?
When the charged object is brought close to the neutral object, the charges separate. The charged object keeps its charge, however the neutral object becomes half negative and half positive
Which way does the conventional current direction flow?
From the negative terminal to the positive terminal
What is a direct current?
Electrons move in the same directions
What is an alternating current?
The electrons move back and forth.
What’s the difference between an electrical component and electronic component?
Electrical current
- conductor (metal ex copper)
- normal size circuit
- power of circuit: normal intensity
Electronic component(printed circuit)
- semi conductor (silicon)
- miniaturized circuit
- power of circuit: low intensity (because too many electrons flowing through can fry the system)
Electrical function
What is a power supply? Name three.
A power supply is a component that provides the energy to make current flow through the wires and components of the circuit.
Three examples
- Battery
- Electrical outlet
- Photovoltaic cell (solar panel)
Power supply
What are the advantages and disadvantages of a battery?
Adv
- portable
- can be recharged
- still works in case of power outage
Dsdv
- not environmentally friendly (contains acid)
- has a life span (won’t last forever)
Power supply
What are some advantages and disadvantages of photovoltaic cells?
Adv
- good for environment
- portable
Dsdv
- expensive
- not very reliable( no sun = no power)
Electrical function
What is conduction?
Allows electrons to flow through them (ex.wires)
Electrical function
What is an insulation?
Stops electrons from flowing through the circuit
Electrical function
What’s a protection? Name two examples.
Can automatically cut current flow in the event of a power surge.
Examples
- Fuse
- Breaker
What’s the difference between a fuse and breaker? Which one is better?
Fuse
A fuse contains a metal filament, when current intensity is too high, the filament melts, breaks and therefore prevents and electric current from flowing though the circuit… A fuse must be replaced when filament breaks
Breaker(is better)
A breaker contains a switch with a bimetallic strip inside. When current intensity is too high, the bimetallic strip gets hot and bends = preventing an electric current from flowing through the circuit… You must flick the switch to restore flow of electric current.
Electrical function
What’s is resistance?
Can limit the flow of electrons through the circuit.
A high resistance = low current intensity( less electrons flowing through)
Low resistance = high current intensity ( more electrons flowing through)
(RESISTOR)
Electrical function
What is a control?
Can open and close a circuit.
open circuit = no electron flow
Closed circuit = allows electrons to flow
(SWITCH)
Electrical function
What is transformation of energy?
This represents the function performed by any component that can transform electrical energy into another form of energy
