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Additional Physics From Hell > Electricity > Flashcards

Electricity Flashcards

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1
Q

What is static electricity?

A

When insulating materials become electrically charged when rubbed together.
When they have the same charge, they repel causing static electricity

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2
Q

What happens when material is rubbed together ? (4)

A

Negative electrons move from one material to the other

The material that loses electrons becomes positively charged

The material that gains electrons become negatively charged

Both materials gain equal amounts of opposite charge

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3
Q

Why don’t you get static electricity from metals?

A

Static only works through insulating objects

Electrical charges move easily through conductors like metals

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4
Q

What happens when the charges are the same?

A

Materials repel

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5
Q

What happens when the charges are opposite

A

Material attract

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6
Q

What happens when one material is charged and the other is not?

A

The materials attract

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7
Q

What does a cell look like?

A
  • | ▪️-
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8
Q

What does a battery look like?

A
  • |▪️•••|▪️-
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9
Q

What does a diode look like?

A

A circle with a like through it with a triangle and another line in it going to opposite way

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10
Q

What is the different in current between a series circuit and a parallel one?

A

Series= current is the same in every component

Parallel= current splits done the branches

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11
Q

What is current ?

A

Measured in amps (I)

Flow of electrical charge

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12
Q

When can’t current flow ?

A

If the switch is open

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13
Q

How do you measure current?

A

Use an ammeter

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14
Q

What is charge measured in

A

Measured in coulombs (C)

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15
Q

What is voltage sometimes called?

A

Potential difference

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16
Q

What is voltage measured in?

A

Volts

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17
Q

How do you measure voltage ?

A

Use a voltmeter

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18
Q

What happens to the potential difference when more cells are added?

A

The total potential difference is the sum of potential difference

E.g if 2 1.5 cells are added. The potential difference will be 3 V

19
Q

What happens to the current if more cells are added in a series circuit?

A

The current increases as more cells are added

20
Q

What is another word for cell?

A

Battery

21
Q

What is the relationship between voltage and current?

A

They are directly proportional

22
Q

What is resistance?

A

Measured it ohms (weird horseshoe sign)

Symbol is R

23
Q

What does resistance depend on?

A

Length of the wire

Thickness of the wire

24
Q

How does an electric current form?

A

Electrons move through a conductor colliding with ions

25
Q

What do ions cause?

A

Resistance

26
Q

What is the difference in resistance between a short wire and a long wire?

A

Resistance is greater in a long wire because electrons collide with ions more often

27
Q

What is the difference in resistance between a thin wire and a thick wire?

A

The resistance of a thin wire is greater because the thin wire had fewer electrons to carry the current

28
Q

What does a resister look like?

A

-[]-

29
Q

When are current and voltage not directly proportional

A

In a filament lamp

30
Q

What’s the relationship between the temperature of a filament and the resistance of a lamp?

A

Directly proportional

31
Q

What are diodes?

A

Electronic components which regulate potential difference

It makes the resistance flow in the direction of current

32
Q

What are LED emitting diodes?

A

They produce light when current flows through

It is used in computers

They use smaller current

33
Q

What is a thermistor ?

A

Temperature sensor in fire alarms

Low temperature - resistance is high - little current flows through

High temperature - resistance is low- more current flows through

34
Q

What is LDR?

A

Used to detect light levels -security lights

In the dark (low light levels) the resistance is high - little current

In the light the resistance is low and more current can flow through

35
Q

What does ACDC stand for?

A

Direct current and alternating current

36
Q

What’s alternating current

A

The direction of current changes many times per second

It has a frequency of 50 hz

37
Q

What is direct current ?

A

The current flows in one direction

38
Q

Advantage of direct current

A

Batteries produce low voltage dc so many devices can be portable

39
Q

Adv for alternating current

A

Reduces energy loss with transformers

40
Q

Features of a plug (5)

A

Case is made of rubber because it’s a good insulter

3 pins made of brass because they are good conductors

Fuse between live terminal and live pin

Fuse breaks if there is too much current

Cable is secured by cable grip

41
Q

How to wire a plug (3)

A

Blue (neutral) goes left
Brown (live) goes right
Striped (earth) flies to the top

42
Q

What is the period?

A

Time taken for one oscillation

43
Q

What is power measured in

A

Watts

44
Q

Which fuse is the best?

A

3A, 5A, 13 A

13A is usually the best

Additional Physics From Hell (5 decks)

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