Electricity Flashcards
What are the two types of electricity?
Static and Corrent.
What is static electricty?
A build up of charge on an object.
What is Current electricty?
Charges that move through a circuit.
What is electricty?
A force that exists between a positive and a negative charge.
What is all matter made up of?
Atoms
What are the three components of an atom?
Protons, neutrons and electrons
What charge does a proton have?
Positive charge
What charge does a neutron have?
No charge
What charge does an electron have?
Negative.
Will a positively charged atom have more or less protons then electrons?
More
Will a negatively charged atom have more or less protons then electrons?
Less
Where are protons in an atom, and how does this effect the charging of an atom?
The protons of an atom are in the nucleus, meaning then cannot be added or subtracted. To make an atom either positively or negatively charged, it is the electrons that are added or subtracted.
Describe a few ways that an object can become either negatively or positively charged.
Friction- rubbing a neutral material against another can add or remove electrons.
By contact with a charged object- if a neutral material is touched by a charged object, electrons can be transferred on the surfaces of the two objects, causing the neutral object to become charged.
Describe the law of attraction and repulsion.
Objects or opposite charges attract, whilst objects of the same charge repel. Charged objects and neutral objects can also attract each other.
Describe how lightning occures.
The particles or water and ice inside clouds are constantly moving against each other and their movements cause charges to build up in the cloud. The charges keep building up until it quickly discharges itself into another cloud or the ground bellow.
What is another example of where everyday electrostatic forces can be observed.
When a car moves, its body rubs against the air and it’s tyres rub against the road, causing charge to build up on the car and its passengers. When you get out of the car and touch the metal, sparks can fly through the gap between your hand and the car, as the charged car attracted your electrons.
What is a battery?
A battery is a device made up of one or more cells connected in series, consisting of a positively and negatively charged metal strip, called electrodes and a substance through which electric charge can flow.
What does a battery do?
They convert chemical energy directly into electrical energy. When a device is connected to a battery, a chemical reaction occurs within the battery that produces electrical energy. It is known as an electrochemical reaction.
What is a conductor?
A material where electrons are free to move and electricity can flow through it.
Give some examples of conductors.
Most metals are conductors including: copper, aluminium, gold and silver
What is an insulator?
A material that does not allow electrons to flow through it as they are strongly bound to the nuclei of the atoms.
Name some examples of insulators.
Glass, air, plastic, rubber and wood.
What is a resistor?
A resistor is a device that has a resistance to the passage of an electrical current.
What are some examples of resistors.
Light bulbs or anything with an electric motor in it.
