Electricity 2 Flashcards
ELECTRIC CURRENT?
Electric current is the flow of charged particles:
In metal wires, conduction electrons move freely through the atomic lattice, while protons remain bound in nuclei.
In fluids, positive ions and electrons contribute to the flow of electric charge.
Direct current?
Flows in one direction only
Alternating Current?
Electrons in the circuit are moved first in one
direction and then in the opposite direction,
alternating to and around fixed positions.
ELECTRIC
RESISTANCE - Current in a circuit is dependent on?
- voltage.
- electrical resistance in ohms.
ELECTRIC
RESISTANCE - Resistors?
circuit elements that regulate
current inside electrical devices
RESISTANCE AND RESISTIVITY - Factors affecting electrical resistance?
Resistance is inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area: thin wires have more resistance than thick wires.
Resistance is directly proportional to length: doubling the length doubles the resistance.
Material matters: rubber has much higher resistance than copper of the same size.
Higher temperature increases resistance.
OHM’S LAW?
The relationship between voltage, current, and resistance states that current (I) is directly proportional to voltage (V) and inversely proportional to resistance (R), assuming resistance remains constant.
ELECTRIC SHOCK?
Damaging effects of shock result from current
passing through the body, or due to the voltage
difference (but not the absolute voltage).
Circuits?
Any path along which electrons can flow from the negative terminal to the positive terminal.
▪ Complete circuit allows continuous flow of electrons with no openings or
gaps
Simple circuits?
Only include simple components, such as battery, resistor, globe, switch,
multimeter, cable, etc.
PARALLEL CIRCUITS - Characteristics
Voltage is the same across each device.
▪ The total current in the circuit divides
among the parallel branches..
