Electricity Flashcards
What is ohms law?
Ohm’s Law is the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across two points.
V = IR
What is a voltage divider?
A voltage divider allows you to divide the voltage across resistors. There are two equations for voltage dividers.
V1 / V2 = R1 / R2
V2 = (R2 / R1 + R2)VS (“S” for supplied)
What is meant by the term current?
Electrical current is how much electrical charge has been transferred per second.
What is A.C.?
Alternating Current (A.C.) is when the current in the circuit changes direction every fraction of a second. An example of this is mains supply.
What is D.C.?
Direct Current (D.C.) is when the current in the circuit passes in one direction only. An example of this is batteries.
What is meant by potential difference?
Potential difference (voltage) is the energy supplied to each coulomb of charge.
What is specific latent heat
What Is temperature
Law of energy
IMPORTANT!!
The specific heat capacity of a substance is the quantity of energy
needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1 °C.
EH = mc(change in)T
IMPORTANT!!
Temperature of a substance is the measure of the mean kinetic energy of its particles.
The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only changed from one form to another. This means that heating is transferring thermal energy from one body at a high temperature to one at a low temperature.
What is specific latent heat?
Energy required to change state
Different materials require different quantities of heat to change the state of unit mass.
What is fusion?
Fusion is where a unit goes from solid to liquid
What is vaporisation?
Vaporisation is when a unit of mass goes from a liquid to a gas
What is power?
Power is the quantity of energy converted per second.
What are the fuse rules?
3 A fuse should be used on an appliance of up to 720 W.
13 A fuse should be used on appliances rated over 720 W.
Describe and explain all the logic gates
NOT gate
It has 1 input. It tells us that input A has to be off in order for the output to be on.
OR gate
It has 2 inputs. It tells us that input A or input B has to be on in order for the output to be on.
AND gate
It has 2 inputs. It tells us that input A and input B has to be on in order for the output to be on.
OR gate
It has 2 inputs. It tells us that input A or input B has to be on in order for the output to be on.
What is efficiency?
The measure of how good an appliance is at transferring electrical energy into useful energy is called efficiency.
What are transformers?
Transformers are electro magnets that increase the voltage and decrease the current, reducing
power loss during transmission, making the process more efficient and cost-effective.
