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Electricity Flashcards

1
Q

The primary function of an x-ray unit is to

A

convert electric energy into the electromagnetic
energy of the x-ray beam.

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2
Q

it is supplied to the x-ray unit in the form of a well-controlled
electric current.

A

Electric energy

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3
Q

A ________ takes place in the x-ray tube, where electric energy is transformed into x-rays.

A

conversion

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4
Q

it is a kind of energy that can only be valued by the effects it gives.

A

Electricity

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5
Q

It a fundamental part of nature and it is one of the commonly used forms of energy.

A

Electricity

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6
Q

This word comes from the Greek word “electron” which means amber.

A

Electricity

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7
Q

Electricity comes from the Greek word ______ which means amber.

A

“electron”

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8
Q

Electricity comes from the Greek word “electron” which means _____.

A

amber

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9
Q

Among those who studied electricity was
___________ .

A

Benjamin Franklin

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10
Q

He is famous for his experiments with electricity, but he did not discover it.

A

Benjamin Franklin

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11
Q

Franklin’s famous experiment in ____ with the kite, key, and storm simply proved that lightning and tiny electric sparks were the same thing.

A

1752

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12
Q

Franklin’s famous experiment in 1752 with the ___, ____, and ____ simply proved that lightning and tiny electric sparks were the same thing.

A

kite, key and storm

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13
Q

He’s famous experiment in 1752 with the kite, key, and storm simply proved that lightning and tiny electric sparks were the same thing.

A

Franklin’s

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14
Q

it has been described as
having mass,
form, and
energy equivalence.

A

Matter

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15
Q

it has been described as
having mass,
form, and
energy equivalence.

A

Matter

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16
Q

it has been described as
having mass,
form, and
energy equivalence.

A

Matter

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17
Q

it has
another fundamental
property as well – electric
charge.

A

Matter

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18
Q

it has
another fundamental
property as well – electric
charge.

A

Matter

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19
Q

it comes in separate units.

A

Electric charge

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20
Q

Each unit is either ____ or _____.

A
  • positive
  • negative
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21
Q

The smallest units of electric charge are
(1) the _____ and (2) the _____.

A
  • electron
  • proton
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22
Q

The ______ has one unit of negative charge.

A

electron

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23
Q

The electric charges associated with
electrons and protons have the same
_______ but opposite ____.

A
  • magnitude
  • signs
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24
Q

The
electron has __ unit of negative
charge, and the proton has ___ unit
of positive charge

A
  • one
  • one
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25
the study of electric charges in stationary form.
Electrostatic
26
An _____ is said to be electrified if it has too few or too many electrons.
object
27
occurs when an object becomes charged by the removal or addition of electrons.
Electrification
28
a buildup of electrons caused by rubbing objects together
Friction
29
a connection that causes the flow of electrons.
Contact
30
using the electric field of a charged object to confer a charge on an uncharged object
Induction
31
using the electric field of a charged object to confer a charge on an uncharged object
Induction
32
_______ charges do not move.
Positive electric
33
The transfer of electrons from one object to another causes the first to be ______ electrified and the second to be _____ electrified.
- positively - negatively
34
If the transfer is sufficiently violent, there will be a ____.
spark
35
One neutral object always available to accept electric charges from electrified object is the ____.
earth
36
One neutral object always available to accept electric charges from electrified object is the ____.
earth
37
The ____ behaves as a huge reservoir for stray electric charges.
earth
38
The earth behaves as a huge reservoir for stray electric charges. In this capacity, it is called an _______.
electric ground
39
The smallest unit of an electric charge is an _______.
electron
40
This charge is much too small to be useful
electron
41
This charge is much too small to be useful; consequently, the fundamental unit of electric charge is the _______.
coulomb (C)
42
One coulomb equals _________ electron charges.
6.3 x 10¹⁸
43
Four general laws of electrostatics describe the way in which electric charges interact with each other and with neutral objects.
1. Electric field 2. Coulomb’s law 3. Electric charge distribution 4. Electric charge concentration
44
The ______ radiates outward from a positive charge and toward a negative charge.
electric field
45
Uncharged particles do not have _____ .
electric field
46
When two like electric charges, negative and negative or positive and positive, are brought close together, their electric fields are in opposite directions and cause the electric charges to be ______ from each other.
repelled
47
When two like electric charges, negative and negative or positive and positive, are brought close together, their electric fields are in opposite directions and cause the electric charges to be ______ from each other.
repelled
48
When unlike charges, one negative and one positive, are close to each other, the electric fields radiate in the same direction and cause two charges to be ______ to each other.
attracted
49
The force of attraction between unlike charges or repulsion between like charges is due to the _______. It is called an ________. Uncharged particles exert no electrostatic force and are not acted by charged particles.
- electric field - electrostatic force
50
The force of attraction between unlike charges or repulsion between like charges is due to the _______. It is called an ________.
- electric field - electrostatic force
51
______ particles exert no electrostatic force and are not acted by charged particles.
Uncharged
52
According to _______, the electrostatic force is directly proportional to the product of the electrostatic charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Coulomb’s law
53
____ particles exert no electrostatic force and are not acted by charged particles.
Uncharged
54
The greater the electrostatic charge on either object, the greater the _______.
electrostatic force
55
The _______ is very strong when objects are close but decreases rapidly as objects separate.
electrostatic force
56
Coulomb's Law
q1-q2 F=k _______ d²
57
The ________ can be attractive or repulsive, and the electrostatic force between two charges is unaffected by the presence of a third charge.
electrostatic force
58
The ________ can be attractive or repulsive, and the electrostatic force between two charges is unaffected by the presence of a third charge.
electrostatic force
59
When an object becomes electrified, the _______ are distributed throughout the object.
electric charges
60
_____ are concentrated along the sharpest curvature of the surface.
Electric charges
61
The study of electric charges in motion is called __________, which is recognized as electricity.
electrodynamics
62
If an electric potential is applied to objects such as copper wires, then electric charges move along the wire. This is called an ________.
electric current or electricity.
63
An electric current is the flow of _______.
electrons
64
Matter through which electrons flow easily are electric _______.
conductors
65
Matter that inhibits the flow of electrons are _____.
insulators
66
A _________ is a material that at some conditions behaves as an insulator and in other conditions behaves as a conductor.
semiconductor
67
_________ is the property of some materials to exhibit no resistance below a critical temperature
Superconductivity
68
_____ flow along the outer surface of the wire.
Electrons
69
When this resistance is controlled and the electrons flow over a closed path, the result is an ________ .
electric circuit
70
Electric currents are measured in _______
amperes (A).
71
The ______ measures the number of electrons flowing in the electric circuit.
ampere
72
One ampere is equal to:
an electric charge of one coulomb flowing though a conductor each second.
73
1 A =
1 C/s
74
Electric potential is measured in _______.
volts (V).
75
The volt is potential energy/unit charge, or _____
joule/coulomb
76
1 V =
1 J/C
77
Electric resistance is measured in ______.
ohms (Ω).
78
The manner in which electric currents behave in an electric circuit is described by a relationship known as ______.
Ohm’s law
79
this law states that the voltage across the total circuit or any portion of the circuit is equal to the current times the resistance, or stated mathematically V= IR
Ohm’s law
80
V = I x R
(volts) (current) (resistance)
81
In a ______ circuit, all circuit elements are connected in a line along the same conductor.
series
82
A ______ circuit contains elements that bridge conductors rather than lie in a line along a conductor
parallel
83
Rules for a parallel circuit: 1. The sum of the currents through each circuit element is _____ to the total circuit current.
equal
84
Rules for a parallel circuit: 2. The voltage across each circuit element is the ___ and is ____ to the total circuit voltage.
- same - equal
85
Rules for a parallel circuit: 3. The total resistance is _______ to the sum of the reciprocals of each individual resistance
inversely proportional
86
Electrons flowing in one direction along the conductor is called _______.
direct current (DC).
87
Current in which electrons oscillate back and forth is called _________.
alternating current (AC).
88
Current in which electrons oscillate back and forth is called _________.
alternating current (AC).
89
Consequently, AC is identified as ____ current.
60 Hz
90
Electric power is measured in _____.
watts (W).
91
One watt is equal to _____
1 A of current flowing through an electric potential of 1 V.
92
The basic equation for the computation of electric power is _____.
P = I x V
93
P is the power in _____, I is the current in _____, and V is the electric potential in _____.
- watts - amperes - volts
94
Since V = ____ P = _____
- I x R - I² x R

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